You can't just go and build a house. It is important to carefully plan each stage of its construction and the costs of all materials. Even before choosing a project plan, you need to figure out what kind of heating will be used. The main thing is that heating occurs quickly and evenly. Of course, the house should be equipped with only an economical option that will save money during the cold season. In addition to solutions with traditional gas or electric heating, there is a house project with a stove.
Project of a small house with stove heating Source sr.aviarydecor.com
A little about fire safety
In addition to the fact that the stove must be properly designed, it is necessary to carefully monitor the quality of its masonry.
Unless you are installing stove heating with your own hands, check each layer of brickwork for cracks through which sparks or even flames can then escape. The second thing you need to keep an eye on is the presence of a so-called retreat - an air space between the stove and the wooden walls of the house. In addition, all measures must be taken to thermally insulate the walls, floor and ceiling of the house from the heated surfaces of the stove. Believe me, your safety in this case is completely in your hands! 7 Body Parts You Shouldn't Touch with Your Hands Think of your body as a temple: you can use it, but there are some sacred places that you shouldn't touch with your hands. Research showing.
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Cast iron stove
Cast iron stoves, although small in size, are capable of heating a fairly large room with a volume of up to 80-90 cubic meters. meters. This option will be ideal for a country house, since the device has a hob function. Thanks to their elegant design, today they are also happily installed in expensive mansions, as they are an interior decoration.
Cast iron heating stove
The best option of all cast iron models is a long-burning stove. It is capable of transferring heat into the room for a long time, despite the fact that firewood is placed in it once during the entire heating period. This effect is achieved due to the internal design of the furnace, which allows the active flame to be reduced to slow smoldering.
A long-burning boiler-stove can also have a water circuit.
Examples of interesting layouts of houses with stove heating
When considering designs of houses with a stove, it is worth considering not only the size of the buildings and layout features, but also the materials used for the construction of the buildings. Not all options developed for brick buildings are suitable for wooden structures.
Small country house with veranda
This small house has one living room with an area of 15 square meters. meters and a kitchen-dining room with an area of 8 sq. meters. The project includes a small bathroom, the entrance to which is in the kitchen, and an unheated veranda.
The heating device is located in the center of the building and heats all the interior spaces: kitchen, room and bathroom. The firebox is located on the kitchen side; it is also recommended to install a hob and oven here. If hot water is needed in the house, then the authors of the project consider the bathroom to be the best place for a water heating tank.
From the living room side, it is easy to add a false fireplace to the stove by providing a small recess in the wall. A decorative fireplace insert will not only decorate the room, but will also increase heat transfer, playing the role of traditional stoves used in the construction of Russian stoves.
Wooden house with two living rooms and a bathroom
This log house has two adjacent rooms - a bedroom and a living room, which has a kitchen-dining room. The fireplace in the wall heats all four rooms, including the hallway and bathroom. The bed is brought into the bedroom, where it serves as a resting place and increases the heat transfer of the heating device, remaining warm for a long time.
There is a dryer in the hallway - it is convenient to dry wet shoes and clothes. The kitchen has a stove. For the warm season, a summer operation is provided, allowing you to use only the stove without using heating.
House layout with two bedrooms and living room
This house is designed for permanent residence and includes two bedrooms, a living room with a kitchen, a bathroom and a storage room. The stove is located in the wall and heats the kitchen-living room and both bedrooms. The bathroom is not heated, but it borders on the hallway, into which one of the stove corners is located. If a wood-burning fireplace is the main source of heat, it makes sense to increase its efficiency with ductwork.
The kitchen is equipped with a hob and oven. There is no door in the living room, so the heat is evenly distributed throughout the house. If you plan to build a Russian stove with a stove bench, then it is best to build a trestle bed in one of the bedrooms.
Project of a brick house with two stoves
In some cases, in a large house for permanent residence, two separate stoves are installed. This building has two bedrooms, a living room and a separate kitchen. The main multi-turn heating stove is installed between the living room and the children's room. The furnace door and body of the building open into the living room, and the children's room is heated with coarse heating - this arrangement prevents carbon monoxide from entering the children's bedroom.
A second fireplace with stove and oven is located in the kitchen and heats the adults' bedroom. The design of this model can work in winter and summer - in the warm season, summer dampers are opened, through which hot gases quickly escape into the chimney.
Heat comes into the hallway from the kitchen; the room is small, so it is enough to leave the door open to ensure a comfortable temperature in the hallway. There is no heat leakage to the street, since the flow of cold air is cut off by a glazed veranda.
With all the variety of ready-made designs for houses with a stove, we recommend contacting a specialist and ordering an individual plan, expressing your wishes. If you choose one of the schemes, you need to show the drawing to a professional; perhaps he will make useful adjustments and advise how to make stove heating as efficient as possible, and the house comfortable and cozy.
It's time to decide on the type of oven
Depending on what you think your stove should be able to do, choose from the variety of stoves available today. And it is like this:
- Stove - "potbelly stove". No matter how funny it sounds, this is a very common option for a country house. Especially if the latter is not intended for year-round use. The “potbelly stove” is quite capable of warming a small residential or utility room, heating water and preparing simple food. Moreover, she is ready to do this without any special financial or labor costs on your part. In addition, stove heating using a “potbelly stove” does not require a lengthy preliminary design.
- Dutch oven. The most common type of heating stove in our country. The design feature of the “Dutch” is such that, despite its relatively small size, it has a relatively large heating area. Therefore, it is capable of heating up to sixty square meters of a room. At the same time, the same design features allow the “Dutch” to heat up quite quickly and cool down for a long time. Well, another advantage of this stove is its beautiful appearance. With the appropriate design, a Dutch oven can become a decoration for your home.
- Kitchen stove. Its purpose is obviously different from the functions of the “relative” described above. If you live in a village house that is decent in all respects, you cannot do without a solid fuel stove. She can prepare food, feed livestock, dry mushrooms and berries, and she can also simply heat water and keep it warm until the morning wash. There are three types of country kitchen stoves: a) simple, that is, without an oven and a hot water box; b) stoves with ovens; c) complex stoves with an oven and a water-heating box.
- Russian stove. The most famous type from fairy tales. And the most versatile: heats, cooks, steams, bakes bread, warms a bed for comfortable and therapeutic sleep. If you want, you can even take a steam bath in it, they say. And all this is so Russian, that is, without much hassle and all at once, at the same time.
Project and materials
In drawing up the estimate, an important role is played by taking into account the materials that the owner intends to use for the construction of his 6 by 6 house with an attic. For this type of building they use:
- brick or cinder block;
- foam concrete blocks;
- concrete;
- wood (logs or beams);
- SIP panels.
Considering that the attic combines a full-fledged residential floor and, its weight is much less than the mass of building materials that will be spent on the construction of a standard second floor. Therefore, for the construction of a country house, in which seasonal residence is expected, the owners most often choose wood as the main building material. It should be noted that purchasing solid beams and beams of such length is very problematic.
Project of a 6x6 cottage made of wooden beams
The stone structure will be a reliable home for the inhabitants of a 6x6 house with an attic, who intend to stay there constantly, both in winter and in summer. However, the cost of building materials for the construction of the facility will be an order of magnitude higher than for a wooden building.
House project 6 by 6 made of stone with an attic
Air heating
In this category we include all methods of heating without the mediation of a coolant - water, oil, antifreeze and any others. The air in the room is heated through direct contact with the heating element.
Buleryan
The stove is a firebox surrounded by thick pipes with open ends up and down. The pipes heat up and provide convective mixing of the air in the room.
Directing them in different directions speeds up the process. If it is necessary to heat several isolated rooms from the buleryan, air ducts with natural or forced circulation are installed.
Advantages:
- Existing furnaces ensure almost complete combustion of fuel due to the fact that they provide long-term smoldering with a limited supply of oxygen. This ensures efficiency that is unattainable for traditional stoves.
- Buleryan does not take up much space and does not require its own premises. A stove for heating two floors can easily fit in the living room or dining room. There will be no soot or odors.
- Installing air ducts will cost less than installing a water heating system. Although, taking into account the necessary thermal insulation, not by much.
Flaws:
- It is almost impossible to lay air ducts after finishing the final renovation without spoiling the aesthetics of the room. The heating plan for a two-story house - both the heat source and the wiring - will have to be thought out in advance.
- Any stove heating of a two-story house is associated with the need to store reserves of firewood, coal, pellets or peat briquettes.
In the photo there is a buleryan stove in the living room.
Brick oven
An ordinary Russian stove usually has very impressive dimensions.
It occupies up to a third of the house’s area and is quite capable of heating several rooms. It is clear, however, that two-story heating stoves are somewhat more complex structures.
In general, there are almost no standards in the field of designing brick kilns. The specific implementation depends on the size of the room, the location of the stove, the imagination of the stove maker, or, alternatively, the order of a ready-made solution found on the Internet that was invented by someone else.
A typical two-story heating stove has a firebox located below and a cap or duct chimney that makes several turns on the second floor.
Execution options can be varied. For example, it is enough to place a cast-iron stove on the firebox, laying an asbestos cord under it to isolate the room from combustion products - and you will get a heating and cooking stove on two floors.
The stove can be placed in the middle of the room or in the corner; finally, if desired, you can even organize water heating of a two-story house with natural circulation by simply placing a coil in the firebox.
Dignity:
In the absence of gas, stove heating is the cheapest heating method. A brick stove pleases its owners with its great thermal inertia: it is usually heated once a day for 2-3 hours, and the rest of the time it releases the accumulated heat.
Flaws:
- Again, you will need a supply of fuel, which will take up a fair amount of space in the yard.
- Folding a stove so that condensation does not seep through the masonry, so that the stove does not crack and smoke into the room is an art that is gradually being lost.
If you are not afraid of experiments, you can try to do this work yourself; but in the absence of any experience, it is better to be prepared for various surprises.
Gas convectors
Another way in which you can do air heating of a private two-story house with minimal time and money is by installing gas convectors.
Each device is a closed burner with air intake from the street and combustion products discharged there through a coaxial pipe. The heat exchanger heats the air in the room. The devices can operate from both main gas and bottled gas.
Advantages:
- Full autonomy of heating for each room in the house.
- Low project cost. The price of each convector is 4-8 thousand rubles. Considering that you do not need a boiler and wiring from it, this will mean significant savings.
Flaws:
- Unfortunately, mains gas is not available everywhere.
- Installation of convectors is possible only on the external wall of the house.
- Drilling wide holes for a coaxial pipe in, for example, reinforced concrete is still a pleasure.
- look here.
Installation of stove heating in the house
As the main source of heat, you can use ready-made stoves or build a brick structure yourself. At the same time, for the project of houses made of timber with stove heating, you can use both the first and second options. The most labor-intensive option is to build a stove yourself. But at the same time, already at the stage of the stove heating project, it is necessary to adapt the design for a specific house. The optimal layout scheme, its location in the room and the material of manufacture are selected.
The main features of heat supply with a brick stove are:
- Possibility to install a heat exchanger for organizing water heating;
- Installation of a system of air channels through which combustion products will pass before being removed through the chimney;
- Installation of a hob, oven, storage tank for hot water supply. These components will allow you to effectively use all the thermal energy from the furnace.
However, unlike gas heating projects for a private home, it is necessary to think in advance about where the fuel will be stored. It should not be in the same room as the stove.
Preparatory work for organizing heating
For the practical implementation of the heat supply system project for a two-story house, a number of preliminary measures should be carried out. If you plan to make your own stove, build a separate foundation for it.
This is due to the large mass of the structure. A concrete floor, much less a plank floor, will not support the weight of the stove and it will warp and settle. Even a small project of a rural house with stove heating must take this fact into account. It is best to arrange the foundation during the construction stage of the building.
The base layout for the furnace is in many ways similar to a standard slab foundation. But experts note a number of features that should be taken into account when drawing up a project for houses made of timber with stove heating:
- The upper plane of the finished foundation should be 70 cm below the floor;
- The dimensions of the base are 30-40 cm larger than the dimensions of the oven;
- The foundation of the stove should not be connected to the common building.
After this stage, you can begin construction of the furnace. In advance, a detailed order is indicated in the design of a house with stove heating.
Laying a heating stove in a house
After the foundation has completely dried, a heat-reflecting material – aluminum foil – is installed on its surface. Additionally, you can install a layer of insulation. The only limitation when choosing a material is that it should not be flammable.
In a typical heat supply project for a two-story house, special attention is paid to the materials used for the construction of the stove. In places of greatest thermal impact, only refractory fireclay bricks are used
All other components of the structure can be laid out of ordinary brick.
If you have no experience in implementing a furnace heat supply project, it is best to entrust the construction of the structure to professionals. But if you wish, you can do this yourself. It is recommended to make several test layings first. For construction you will need the minimum set of a mason - a trowel, a trowel, a level, a plumb line. Additional materials should be included in the design of houses with individual heating:
- Scaffolding. May be needed at the final stage of construction, when the height of the structure is more than 2 meters;
- Nichrome wire is used to install the door and grate.
Upon completion of work, the draft level should be checked. To do this, you can take A4 paper and attach it to the hood. It should “stick” to the hole.
Country house with stove
Particular attention should be paid to the construction of a stove or fireplace when designing a country house. The stove will become not only a spectacular interior addition. Its functionality can be expanded to include cooking and heating during cold seasons.
The stove can be built from specially hardened red brick. Such stoves are laid out in modern or traditional old Russian styles by qualified craftsmen.
You can also buy a ready-made metal structure with an attractive configuration that will add zest to the interior design.
Location of the stove in the house
The popularity of stove heating forces architectural bureaus to work on creating houses focused on this type of heating. The most interesting thing here is not only the size of the rooms, but also how the heating devices are located or located. This is how the central location of the wood-burning stove and the open spaces of studio rooms, which are so fashionable today, are most often used. Although there are also quite interesting projects with a combined heating system.
Layout of large houses for stove heating + additional heating
This category of houses is aimed at families for the future. Spacious rooms and the obligatory attic or second floor make such houses very attractive for young families. The issue of heating is solved simply in them; the main function is given to stove heating, in the form of installing a Russian or Dutch stove. But as for heating rooms such as a bath or toilet, children's room or bedroom on the second floor, additional heating devices are provided here, for example, convectors or a warm house system.
The idea of such a solution is quite interesting - the house is mainly heated with wood or coal, and if there is a need to heat individual rooms, then additional heating is turned on.
Electrical appliances are mainly used as additional heating devices; they are both more reliable and practical than gas or liquid fuel heating.
Projects of houses with a Russian stove
There is something unusual and attractive in these projects. Even the smallest house project with a Russian stove made of a log frame or a gas block will be warm and cozy, because a Russian stove in a house is more than just warmth and a hob, it is soul and traditions.
On the other hand, the size of the Russian stove simply does not allow it to be built in small rooms. Of course, dimensions matter, and this can be seen in the designs themselves. Greater heat transfer makes it possible to heat not only all the rooms on the ground floor; there is enough heat for the attic as well.
Many projects with a Russian stove are made in several versions, for example, when the stove has a traditional stove bench, or when, in addition to the firebox for heating, a hob with burners and an oven is also installed.
Examples of interesting layouts of houses with stove heating
What does a typical project of a private house with stove heating include? An ordinary house usually has a kitchen-living room, 1-2 bedrooms, a storage room, a bathroom and a hallway. Everything is standard. What an interesting project might include is more rooms on the second floor or an additional terrace above the garage. Perhaps, but in such projects much more attention is paid to the highlights that are not found in ordinary houses.
So, one of these highlights may be a separate room - a library or a work cabin with a fireplace, or a sauna with a heater. Many will be interested in a solution such as a second light on a staircase passage or an open space of a glass wall in the living room, from which you can watch the landscape and admire the sunset.
And in these projects there is nothing that would prevent heating with a wood-burning Russian stove or a Swedish stove covered with tiles.
Construction of a house according to Vostretsov’s design
For simple and at the same time spacious houses designed by Vostretsov, stove heating fits perfectly into the concept of a modern house. Clear and at the same time light forms of buildings due to the large use of panoramic windows make it possible to significantly reduce energy consumption through the use of new technologies and modern materials.
Multi-layer wall insulation and high-quality double-glazed windows perfectly retain heat, and the brickwork of the stove and its roughness ensures that a comfortable temperature is maintained even in the most severe frosts.
Basic operating rules
A stove is a complex mechanism that requires special care. Open fire is a great danger, especially for wooden buildings. It is proper care and compliance with safety regulations that guarantee a safe and comfortable life.
Safety
The first and basic rule is not to leave an open fire unattended. Before leaving, it is important to make sure that absolutely all the coals are extinguished and that there are not a single spark around. Negligence and inept operation of the stove are the main causes of fires. If everything is properly arranged, then the risk of an unwanted fire is practically eliminated. The second and no less important condition is to keep children out of the system. No matter how smart a child is, he will not be able to give a full account. It is important not to leave children alone with a hot stove.
A house project with a Russian stove will appeal to all family members Source tunnel.ru
For safety, you should cover the floor in the area where fire may enter with non-combustible material. Typically, a thin metal sheet or tile is used for such purposes. It also wouldn’t hurt to put up a screen or protective screen to catch dangerous hot wood chips and coals.
Service
The heating system elements must always be in good condition. For long-term operation without complications and breakdowns, it is important to carry out regular diagnostics and prevention. This work includes cleaning the chimney from ash and removing ash from the grate. Before each heating season, it is important to inspect all elements and, if there are faults, try to eliminate them.
The stove must be prepared for use before each season Source kaznews.kz
Layout
There are a lot of options for planning a 6x6 one-story dwelling with a heating system. The most common plan for such a house is as follows:
- Bedroom 8 m2;
- The stove has a firebox on the kitchen side, but its walls open onto the living room and bedroom;
- Toilet;
- Hallway.
The design of such a house may vary depending on the user's requirements. But the main thing is that the stove structure should be located in the very middle of the home and be built into the internal partitions. If it is located across the wall from the common room, then its layout is such that it can be heated by the corner of the stove. Professional calculations have shown that one stove can successfully heat three rooms located around it.
To heat living spaces larger than 6x8 or 6x9, it may turn out that one stove does not fully cope with its function.
Project with a 9×11 house layout with a Kuznetsov stove
Then, for example, a village house was equipped with a small, tall stove for heating, which was completely unsuitable for cooking. For a medium-sized country house, and especially with an area of 8 x 8 in a frosty winter, it will also not be superfluous.
Both buildings are square in shape and differ only in three square meters. Therefore, the development drawing will have only minor deviations. But the 6x8 house has a completely different design, because, unlike, it is a rectangular building. Here you can increase the kitchen area to install a larger oven. After all, it must heat a home with walls that are not equidistant from it. The drawing of a 6x9 building also differs little from the drawing of a 6x8 building. But for a living space, every meter of space increases the comfort of living. At the same time, it increases the overall cost of construction. However, in any case, stove heating is the most affordable and economical way to keep a private home warm.
The layout of a 6x6 house with an attic must be carried out not only taking into account building codes, but also in compliance with other requirements. Proper organization of design work will allow you to build a comfortable building. In addition, it will enable owners not to spend extra money when purchasing building materials.
Layout of all floors of a 6x6 house with an attic
Often, when starting a project, many masters make the same mistake. They are building a full-fledged one with many rooms. But when winter comes, followed by energy bills, a sobering moment comes. You can avoid unnecessary expenses during the construction and further operation of the house by choosing in advance the type of house 6x6 with an attic for construction.
What is the difference between an attic and a traditional second floor? During its construction, no money is spent on construction and. Which in most cases is practically not used by the owners of the house. Therefore, in addition to the costs of heating and maintaining the premises, the costs of maintaining the attic are added.
Layout option for a 6x6 cottage with an attic
An attic is a properly organized space under the roof that is used for the benefit of all family members. With proper insulation, heat will not escape through the roof slab. By the way, many craftsmen make windows in slopes, which allow you to save on artificial lighting.
But the main advantage of this type of construction is that much less construction and finishing materials will be spent during the construction of the facility. And therefore money from the family budget.
Design
A 6x6 building is most likely a country house, in which it is possible to live not all year round, but only in the warm season. Therefore, its layout is simple due to its small footprint. Its drawing is also simple due to the lack of a heating system.
And for year-round use, more spacious buildings are built, for example, an 8x8 cottage or larger. But then stove heating is simply necessary.
However, a construction company can offer a project for a budget 6x6 house with a heating system. It will include a general drawing of the house and a detailed construction plan. The customer who wishes to have a house with a stove can make his own amendments, which will be immediately taken into account by the contractor. This option is called custom construction.
The client can order from the company not only a finished project, but also the construction of a standard house with already resolved planning issues.
Wood-burning brick oven
Both warm and beautiful.
This is truly the most worthwhile permanent structure (besides the house itself, of course). And the advantages of a wood heating stove are such that their owners may be the envy of residents of other houses, including private ones.
Judge for yourself:
- Stone as a material is capable of accumulating and releasing heat, while using hobs from this structure you can build a household unit that will not only heat your home, but also cook food and dry clothes;
- The stove is unpretentious in the choice of fuel, of course, there is no need to stuff it with all sorts of rubbish, but it will happily accept branches, firewood, paper, cardboard, peat, and coal. As well as modern types of fuel for solid fuel stoves;
- The most pleasant moment in the operation of such a design is that this heating device does not depend on accidents on the lines, or on interruptions in the supply of one or another type of energy. The stove has always worked and is working completely autonomously;
- Even if your house is stuffed with inventions that make human life easier, then having a stove as an alternative and emergency source of heat is becoming not just fashionable, but also relevant. And honestly admit to yourself that all these inventions make your life easier only up to the point where electricity is available;
- There is something mystical in the living warmth of a stove; it is not for nothing that all holidays with elements of fairy tales and mysticism are associated with fireplaces, stoves and fire.
Therefore, heating wood stoves for home and garden will remain for a long time, if not the main, then the most popular alternative source of heat, and until the price of expenses for the main media supplied centrally is compared with the price of firewood and other things you will need light your stove.
The beginning of a big business is born on paper
The quantity, area, and location are taken into account.
And it's called a project. The most popular projects for own houses are wooden house projects with stove heating. And it doesn’t matter what kind of house you will ultimately build. Projects of houses made of timber with stove heating, projects of houses made of brick, it doesn’t matter - for each of them there are standards that are already prescribed.
This document is building codes and regulations, a kind of general instruction for all cases of construction life. And they declare the following principles that must be taken into account:
- Stove heating can only be planned in one and two-story buildings. In houses with more floors, it is necessary to plan and install mini boiler rooms;
- The surface of a stone stove should not heat above a temperature of 120 degrees Celsius; this, of course, does not apply to the metal parts of the stove (dampers, hob, etc.);
And why not combine a stove and electricity, for example as in the photo.
And the stove has a place
The oven must be in the center.
We are already so accustomed to the fact that heating and cooking structures are located somewhere in the corner of the kitchen wall or hallway. So that they don’t get noticed, so that they don’t twist under our feet, we involuntarily want to transfer the same rules to stove heating.
But, unfortunately, stove heating has its own rules for the placement of the main structure and the hob and ash pan. So:
The stove structure should be built in the center of the room
It doesn’t matter whether you will provide a heating panel for it, and then use it to zone the rooms, or whether the stove will be located in the center as an independent structure, the main thing is that it is there and not in any other place;
There is one more rule for the placement of the stove. The firebox and hob should go into the kitchen area, or onto the veranda
That's where the dirtiest things happen. But the heating surface and fireplace should go into the living room and bedrooms;
According to all the calculations of specialists, one stove design is enough to heat three rooms located nearby. To heat several floors, or heat more rooms, it is necessary to install more stoves;
It is important to accurately calculate the dimensions of the future furnace
A small stove will be useless in terms of heating, and one that is too large will require corresponding fuel consumption. It is necessary to take into account and carefully calculate the possible heat loss of your home associated with its design features, as well as the layout and functional purpose of the rooms. All this taken together is the stove heating scheme.
Strictly speaking, stove projects begin in the same place as projects for houses with stove heating, because the first is an integral component of the second. Based on this, the size, number and purpose of heating circuits on each floor of your house are calculated. Before deciding what size your stove will be, you need to calculate various types of energy-saving measures that you can carry out: insulation of windows and doors, ceilings, under-roof space, etc.
A Swedish perspective on heating appliances
Iron production.
Photo from the website keddy.se At the time of construction of the fireplace for this country house, more than 10 years ago, Keddy products were one of the most efficient in terms of heating. Today in our country many other offers have appeared on the market. But Keddy cassettes, in my opinion, continue to be leaders among heating devices. For the described country house, we chose the Keddy SK 203 model.
Fireplace cassettes produced by this company have a solid cast body made of high-quality cast iron. Cast iron is the best material for making a firebox, as it has high thermal conductivity. A cast iron fireplace insert will heat the room one-third more efficiently than its steel counterparts.
Firebox SK 203 (Keddy). Photo from keddy.se
Cast iron is most suitable for working with high temperatures - the cassette body made of this alloy is not subject to deformation due to heating. And among other similar products, Keddy fireplace cassettes stand out especially for their quality and manufacturability.
The Keddy cast iron firebox has a very correct geometry: even in the doors there is no sealing asbestos cord, which deteriorates over time and requires replacement. The doors are so precisely made and have a well-thought-out design that they close tightly even without additional sealing.
Swedish-made fireboxes have one of the highest efficiency rates: manufacturers say almost 70%. Such high efficiency of the device is due to the engineering solutions used:
monolithic design
The one-piece cast iron body is one of the main advantages of Keddy cassettes. At high temperature loads, the body of the fireplace cassette does not warp, and its tightness makes it possible to achieve higher burning temperatures during combustion, which increases the size of the fireplace. The SK 203 cassette data sheet indicates a power of 14 kW.
optimal shape
airflow adjustment
preheating of air for blowing
Keddy cassette design diagram
In addition, heated air, entering the firebox, washes the glass, preventing soot deposition - this is called
“clean glass”
system (see element “3” in the diagram).
high heat exchanger fins
second afterburner chamber
"tooth" "tooth"
simple door closing mechanism
Types and features of two-story stoves
Two-level hearths come in two types: with one and with two fireboxes. For a country home, the most interesting are two-story “Swedes”, complemented by a hob. There are modifications with beds, but heavy extensions are always on the ground floor. On the second level, a false or functional fireplace is sometimes built; the first increases heat transfer, and a full-fledged fireplace insert helps to quickly warm up the room.
In models with one firebox, the combustion chamber is located on the ground floor, while vertical channels must be provided on the upper level. For separate heating of floors, dampers are used to block the movement of flue gases.
Stove for a two-story building with one firebox, stove and fireplace
Some stove makers do not recommend choosing models with one firebox for your home, since cooling flue gases form condensation in the second-level heating panel, which destroys the masonry. Designs with two fireboxes heat the room faster and are more convenient if there is often a need to heat one floor. Schemes of stoves with two fireboxes necessarily include two-channel chimneys.
Modern brick two-story fireplace with two fireboxes
Brick stoves for a two-story house weigh almost twice as much as standard modifications, so a reliable foundation is necessary. The interfloor ceiling must be no less durable - a reinforced concrete slab capable of supporting the weight of a brick building. The installation location is chosen along the main internal walls.
Water heating
The principle is clear: the boiler heats the coolant (most often water); It distributes thermal energy through heating devices, which heat the air due to convection.
Types of boilers with their advantages and disadvantages have been discussed several times
We will allow ourselves to pay attention, first of all, to how to carry out heating in a two-story house from the boiler to heating devices, and what type of the latter should be chosen
Two-pipe wiring
It makes sense to do this if the area of each floor is large. Moreover, in this case, according to the author, the most interesting option is a two-pipe distribution in the basement with transportation of the coolant to the rooms by risers.
The heating devices are ordinary radiators or convectors. Each of them fits between the supply and return pipelines.
Dignity:
The scheme allows you to make the temperature of the radiators the same throughout the house.
Flaws:
- The pipe flow will be quite large.
- The system needs balancing. The radiators closest to the boiler must be pressed with throttles, limiting the flow of water through them. Otherwise, only they will heat. The consequences are up to the defrosting of the heating system when circulation in distant heating devices completely stops.
Each radiator or convector is a jumper between the supply and return.
Single-pipe wiring
From the author’s point of view, single-pipe heating distribution in a two-story house is optimal. A relatively large diameter pipe runs along the perimeter of each floor; Heating devices are embedded parallel to it.
Each is equipped with an air vent, a throttle and a shut-off valve on the second side of the supply, which allows, if necessary, to remove the radiator without resetting the heating system.
Advantages:
- Significantly lower wiring costs.
- Extreme fault tolerance. Without any balancing, the heating system will function in any frost. Setting the radiator temperature is not necessary - it is an option to ensure your comfort.
Flaw:
With a VERY large floor area, the temperature difference between the first and last radiators will be very noticeable. The problem, however, is again solved by balancing using chokes.
Warm floor
Heating a two-story house with heated floors is interesting, first of all, due to the rational distribution of heat throughout the room. The temperature will be maximum where it is useful - at floor level. Hot air will not uselessly transfer heat to the roof, accumulating under the ceiling.
Water-heated floors are usually laid in a cement-sand screed at the construction stage
; however, it can also be installed later in a dry screed. In this case, heat-distributing aluminum plates are used, making the heating of the floor uniform.
Most often, for heated floors in several rooms on the same floor, a manifold connection is used: pipes laid in the floor cling to a common comb with chokes. It is optimal to use your own collector for each floor.
Advantages:
- Rational heat distribution.
- Comfort. Walking on a heated floor in winter is very pleasant.
- Low coolant temperature required for heating operation.
Flaw:
The installation of water heated floors is tied willy-nilly to a major renovation of the premises.
How to install a two-story hydronic heating system
A furnace with a water circuit does not differ in operating principle from a conventional solid fuel boiler: wood or coal is burned in the fuel compartment, and the released heat warms up the coolant in the exchanger. This can be ordinary water, but it is more profitable to purchase antifreeze: it will not freeze in case of temporary problems in the system, and in addition, it will not have to be changed for a long time.
A register is used as a heat exchanger - this is a type of coil through which a temperature-changing coolant passes. The register can be made of metal pipes or sheet metal, and the higher its area, the more heat it can collect and transmit.
The thickness of the walls of the register must be at least 3 mm: otherwise it will simply burn out, since the temperature in the firebox compartment will be very high. A sheet register is easier to manufacture and install; you don’t have to buy it, but make it yourself. But at the same time, the pipe design is more efficient.
Heating radiators are connected to the installed register using metal pipes, which must be placed at an angle. Water will move through them by gravity, and a circulation pump can be installed to supply it to the second floor.
The assembly diagram will be the simplest: you can use single-pipe wiring with a simple connection. After installation, you can proceed to a test run: the owner must evaluate how quickly and efficiently the stove warms up, and whether it will provide heat in the house.
The water circuit must have an expansion tank: it is located at the highest point of the system. This tank will make it possible to compensate for the expansion of water as the temperature rises. The system will work optimally, and the owner will not have to put any effort into setting it up.
