As cities become larger, people become increasingly hungry for nature and clean, fresh air. That is why people tend to get out of the city as often as possible to spend the weekend in their own country house. The simplest option for construction is a summer house, which does not require wall insulation or a heating system. But you can take a break from the bustle of the city in such a house only in the summer, while the dacha season is underway.
An all-season house is suitable for year-round living, but during its construction it is necessary to solve certain, sometimes very difficult, issues. For example, ensuring high-quality heating of housing, which will make a country house suitable for living even in the most severe frosts.
Home heating options
One of the oldest and most common methods of heating a home is the use of stoves and fireplaces.
, the choice of which depends on your individual needs. If between heating the whole house and the beauty and atmosphere of comfort you choose the second option, then you should give your preference to a fireplace. It does not heat for long, the heat it creates quickly evaporates, but it burns very brightly and beautifully - an ideal solution for those who like to drink tea and look at the fire.
A brick stove for the home, in turn, can store heat for a very long time. In addition, the good thing about a Russian stove is that you can cook a lot of tasty and aromatic dishes in it, which, of course, cannot be done in a fireplace. Therefore, in most cases, country house projects are developed with a Russian stove, since this option is the most convenient and easiest to implement.
An example of a traditional house layout with a Russian stove
Autonomous gasification requires a special permit, and the installation of a liquid fuel boiler requires the installation of a special container for diesel fuel that can hold at least three tons of diesel fuel. When building a simple country house, such large expenses will be very irrational, unless only if a large family will permanently live in the house.
Project of a small country house with a stove
Layout features
In a one-story house measuring 6 by 6, there are not many layout options. On an area of 36 sq. m. you need to place living and utility rooms, separating them with partitions.
In a house for a married couple without children, it is enough to make a spacious kitchen (about 10 m2) and one living room (16 m2). The kitchen is equipped with a dining room, and the room is used as a bedroom and living room. With this arrangement, there is still space for a bathroom and a vestibule near the front door.
If a child is growing in the family, the kitchen and room will have to be reduced in favor of the children's room.
But in this case, the best option is to build a house on two floors or with an insulated attic. In the layout of a two-story house, a children's room and a bedroom for adults are located on the second floor.
In a small house, you shouldn’t discount the basement. Having made a high foundation, you can arrange a basement floor and use it for utility rooms or a garage. This option is especially relevant on a small plot of land, where you need to save every piece of land. In addition to the garage, in the basement there is a workshop and a storage room for storing supplies for the winter.
- The bathroom and toilet are combined. Firstly, a small family will not create inconvenience when using a shared bathroom, and secondly, even a short wall takes up space. Make the bathroom better in the veranda.
One part of it is completely fenced off with a partition with a door, and all the plumbing is placed in the resulting room. Another option for the location of the bathroom is the hallway. It is located between the entrance and kitchen door, or between the kitchen and living room.
Which stove is better to heat a house?
You can ensure warmth in your home not only by warming the air in the room, but also by having a well-heated floor, walls and interior items. In this case, the advantage is that the dew point of the facade walls shifts towards the external insulation. Accordingly, the internal walls are completely dry, as well as the absence of fungus, mold and moisture.
For such heating, you can use not only a Russian stove, which is made of brick, but also a metal structure, which is quickly and easily installed. You can install such a stove yourself, without the help of a specialist. The metal structure heats up very quickly, which allows you to immediately begin heating the room. Moreover, when the firebox stops working, the oven cools down just as quickly. Metal cannot accumulate heat; its heat capacity is very low, so only the air in the room warms up, not the walls.
Option for a building design with a standard solution for the manufacture of an attic and a simple roof
It is also worth paying attention to projects with the location of the stove near the far wall of the room. This arrangement can be considered classic and it assumes that this design will completely heat only one room.
If the layout of a 6x6 cottage involves the use of a different type of heating system, then the stove can be installed on any area of the structure. However, it should not interfere with the functionality of the rooms.
Advice! Projects using stoves should not be ignored, as they have recently become increasingly popular.
Sometimes for design it is much easier to use special graphic programs that allow you to visualize the finished room in volume and arrange interior items
How to heat a house with a brick stove
Projects of one-story houses with a stove involve placing the stove in such a way that it fully or partially acts as an interior partition. In a two-story cottage, the upper floor is heated using a chimney running along the wall and an additionally installed stone or brick fireplace. The undeniable advantage of such a system is the ability to accumulate and release heat even after the furnace has been fired.
Plan of the 1st floor of a house with a stove Plan of the 2nd floor
To summarize, if you heat a brick oven once for 3-4 hours, you can provide high-quality heating of rooms for at least 12 hours. The rooms on the second floor will be heated by a chimney running along common walls. Brick stoves have only one drawback: their heating time is at least one hour.
What you will need to work on the project
All people who studied in high school have skills in working with a ruler and pencil.
All that remains is to collect the rest of the tools needed to work on drawing up drawings of the future structure. In his work the master will need:
- drawing pencil;
- thin marker;
- ruler;
- square;
- graph paper;
- eraser.
The first stage of any design is drawing up a working sketch. On a regular sheet of paper, the master sketches by hand all the possible layout options for the upper and lower floors. The more there are, the better the final result will be.
Project and layout of a country house with a 6 by 6 attic
Experienced draftsmen first draw the main contours using thin lines. And then they are drawn with a soft graphite pencil or ink. An ordinary craftsman does not need to observe such subtleties; in the final design stage, you can get by with a regular black gel pen. best on graph paper, which can be purchased at any stationery store. It is pre-drawn into perpendicular lines; all that remains is to select a scale and draw the contours of the house along the guides.
Drawing of the facade of a house with an attic
actual dimensions
What is more comfortable - an apartment or a country house? Of course, home! There are also ardent supporters of apartments, but most people still prefer to have their own house. After all, there are many advantages to this:
Modern Russian brick stoves
Currently, the design of a traditional Russian stove has several options, which depend on the household needs of a particular family.
So, modern stove designs for the home are:
- With a stove and flood chamber. The slabs, which are the hearth of the furnace, are built into an array of structures. In the classic version, they remain a blank space.
- With a fireplace. With this option, it is possible to move the back wall of the Russian stove into another room using a partition. Such designs are considered quite practical, since they do not require the installation of an additional chimney outlet or a separate foundation for the fireplace.
Brick stove-fireplace in a country house - With independent firebox and trestle bed. In the design of Russian stoves there is always space for a large bed, which can easily accommodate 2-3 people. In modern versions, the bed has been reduced, and an attached trestle bed has been added, which makes up for this lack of functionality. It is equipped with a full-fledged bed, while acting as an independent heating element.
Roof
Creating a roof is a completely individual process, directly related to the financial situation of the customer. That is why, when creating projects of such structures with their own hands, everyone looks at the cost item, weighing it against the amenities that certain types of structures can provide.
Most often, craftsmen tend to choose buildings with attics. They create additional space that can easily be used as an additional room. However, if this leads to unacceptable costs, then you can limit yourself to a simple attic.
It should be noted that lean-to structures are not suitable for such areas. It is much more practical to make projects with high gables, which set the volume for the attic. (See also the article Foundations for country houses: features.)
Advice! To save money, professional craftsmen recommend creating such dachas on screw piles.
At the same time, you can save on the roof structure, since it should be lightweight.
Location of the stove in the house
The layout of a house with stove heating is carried out depending on the main purpose of the stove. Cookers, which are used daily for cooking, are placed in living rooms or kitchens. A heating panel can act as a partition and for heat transfer, protruding as much as possible into the room where more heating is required. The kitchen area receives the required amount of heat from the cast iron stove and firebox.
Options for placing the stove in a private house
If the design of a house with a Russian stove, first of all, involves high-quality heating of the premises, then it is more advisable to place the stove design near the coldest outer wall. Thanks to this arrangement, the movement of cold air near the floor is eliminated, which does not always give good results with stove heating. Heating stoves, in most cases, are located next to doorways or in partitions separating rooms, with the combustion door as close as possible to the front door.
In any case, it is recommended to position the stoves in such a way that they occupy as little usable space as possible, while allowing maximum warm working surface access to the room where heating is required. A chimney outlet should be provided between the roof rafters and the beams of the interfloor or attic floor. The blower doors and the furnace are positioned in such a way that there is at least one meter of free space from them to the wall or partition.
A little about fire safety
In addition to the fact that the stove must be properly designed, it is necessary to carefully monitor the quality of its masonry.
Unless you are installing stove heating with your own hands, check each layer of brickwork for cracks through which sparks or even flames can then escape. The second thing you need to keep an eye on is the presence of a so-called retreat - an air space between the stove and the wooden walls of the house. In addition, all measures must be taken to thermally insulate the walls, floor and ceiling of the house from the heated surfaces of the stove. Believe me, your safety in this case is completely in your hands! 7 Body Parts You Shouldn't Touch with Your Hands Think of your body as a temple: you can use it, but there are some sacred places that you shouldn't touch with your hands. Research showing.
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Kitchen design with Russian stove
The compositional center of such a kitchen is undoubtedly the Russian stove, which is usually located in the corner of the room. One or two small sofas are placed opposite it, thereby creating a kind of relaxation area where you can sit with friends over a cup of tea.
An example of a modern kitchen interior design with a small oven in the corner
It will be simply wonderful if in the kitchen, even at the design stage of the house, it was envisaged that there would be large windows that would let in a large amount of natural light. To decorate this recreation area, you can use flowers in pots and vases, small paintings in wooden frames, dishes painted to resemble Gzhel and Khokhloma. If the size of the kitchen allows, then near one of the walls you can place a cabinet with shelves where sets and dishes will be stored.
The food preparation area is arranged along one wall, along its entire length. Lower cabinets are usually used to store dishes and various kitchen utensils. Lower cabinets of different heights allow you to create a very unusual and interesting effect, which is sure to become a special, distinctive feature of your kitchen.
The smallest cabinet, which is located below all the others, is ideal for storing bags or cans. On the countertop you can place a couple of pots of flowers or even herbs - dill, lettuce or onions, which will significantly simplify the cooking process, because the necessary seasoning will always be at hand.
Porch and terrace
If the area of the site allows, then a porch or terrace will be an excellent addition to the house. The advantages of the first option are salvation in inclement weather and the ability to open the door without getting wet in the rain.
The terrace in this regard has a greater number of advantages:
- a place to relax on a sofa or hammock;
- picnics with friends;
- summer dining room. If you place a table on the terrace, you can meet guests by setting the table on a sunny day;
If residents are fond of plants or carvings, then decorating the terrace with creativity will be a pleasant addition. This will allow you to have a pleasant time and make the local area beautiful.
Neoclassical
Even popular music has echoes of ancient motifs. The same can be said about the design, in which classic details are framed in a fashionable design.
This style is characterized by symmetrical lines, framed mirrors, arched openings, and antique accents. All this is complemented by fashionable finishing materials and accessories. Neoclassicism combines sleek modern details with traditional combinations.
Recommendations for choosing a boiler
The type of boiler depends on the fuel it will run on. Therefore, you need to choose the one that suits its functionality and financial capabilities.
Gas
The most popular and affordable device (and type of heating). It is not always suitable only for those settlements that do not yet have a gas main. But even in this case, you can additionally install a gas tank.
When choosing this type of boiler and heating, you need to understand that it requires timely and constant maintenance. It must be produced by specialized services.
Gas boiler in the heating system Source rebathroom.ru
Solid fuel
Usually it is chosen in the case when it is not possible to install a gas one due to the lack of gasification or when other fuel is available. The advantage of such a boiler is its independence from the centralized gas main, which means there are no possible pressure interruptions. The downside is the need for timely procurement of solid fuel and the construction of a special place for its storage.
Sectional view of a solid fuel boilerSource bg.decorexpro.com
Liquid fuel
Designing the heating of a country house using an oil-fuel boiler can be afforded if the homeowner is not short on funds. Such a boiler runs on liquid fuel - diesel, which cannot be called cheap. In addition to the high cost of the coolant, such a project involves digging a pit for a reservoir into which diesel will be pumped. We should not forget that such a heating system is very explosive. Before use, it is advisable to weigh the pros and cons - maybe a scheme with a gas boiler and gas holder will be more economical.
Diagram of operation of a liquid fuel boilerSource zen.yandex.ru
Electric
Electric heating is conventionally divided into two types: water and air. If in the first case water or another liquid coolant is heated by electricity, then in the second, such a system will be able to convert electric current into thermal energy without using a water resource, in other words, directly.
In any case, this heat supply option also cannot be called the most economical, even despite the high efficiency of electrical appliances.
Electric heating boilersSource rawbuilding.ru
System advantages
The material from which the house is built does not matter much in this case. The project of a house with stove heating can be organized both in a stone or brick house, and in a wooden one. Stove heating has a number of advantages that are not available with other heating systems. If the house is built from a material such as stone, then stove heating will be more efficient. This can be easily explained by the fact that stone is a material that has the property of collecting heat.
Many types of solid fuel are suitable for stove heating. This list includes such types of fuel as: firewood, peat, cardboard, coal, branches and much more. However, you shouldn’t get carried away and stuff the oven with everything you can.
Another advantage of stove heating is that the stove heating system of a private house does not depend on interruptions associated with the supply of a heat source or emergency situations. Stove heating is popular due to the fact that it operates in autonomous mode. The stove can be not only the main source of heat, but also an additional one. Even if your home is equipped with a more modern heating system, the stove will never be a superfluous device in the house. Many people like a regular stove because it creates an amazing and cozy atmosphere. Isn't it nice to gather with the whole family on a cold winter evening near a warm fireplace? Or create a romantic atmosphere and sit together near a live fire. Wood-burning stoves, although they are losing their popularity over time, will remain relevant for the majority of owners of private or country houses for many years to come.
The stove not only serves as a source of heat, it is also a wonderful decoration for any home.
Construction rules
A homemade stove must meet fire safety requirements
Therefore, you need to pay special attention to preparation for construction
- Decide on the location of the oven.
- Prepare the correct drawing.
- Buy quality materials for construction.
- Purchase of tools.
- Create a cost estimate.
Correctly drawn up drawings will become your main assistants, since it is the drawings of a homemade brick oven that help you avoid many mistakes. Ready-made plans can be found on the Internet.
When choosing an installation location, you need to take into account the area of the room and the type of oven. It’s difficult to calculate everything yourself, so it’s easier to use a reduced model of a brick oven, a photo of which is available on the Internet.
Number of floors
A small house intended for spending the night alone can actually be equipped with a one-story house. It contains a sofa, a stove, and the necessary storage space for things (personal, food, food). If necessary, a bathroom is equipped.
Modern
The need to increase the usable area is provided by the superstructure.
Interesting! In fact, small cottages are never more than two floors. With rare exceptions, there are three-story buildings - the third level is represented by an attic. Typically, the attic floor is the second level.
Increasing the number of floors in a building is the reason for strengthening the walls. The upper floor is built from lighter material, but capable of ensuring stability and reliability of the roof structure.
Some cons
The oven requires a little more care and labor. Melting it and maintaining a fire in it is not only pleasure, but also work. And by the way, so is your time. In addition, maintaining it in order and in working order will also require effort, time, and money. First of all, this is regular chimney cleaning, which in some European countries is recognized as such an important event that its regularity and obligatory nature are enshrined in law, and careless and law-abiding owners are subject to administrative and even criminal liability.
With a stove it will not be possible to maintain a stable thermal regime in the house. As a rule, the house will always be warmer in the evening than in the morning. Or vice versa, depending on what time you heat it. In addition, a mandatory component that characterizes stove heating in a wooden house is a cold floor. Of course, with a competent approach, all these shortcomings can be eliminated.
There is obviously more cleaning required in a house with stove heating than in a building with a centralized heat supply.
The oven is a fire hazard. However, electric heaters are no less fire hazardous. Everything depends on the so-called human factor.
We must also not forget that a stove is a rather bulky structure that “eats up” a decent part of the usable area of your home. And if you are not ready to give up extra meters, then you should think again about whether you need stove heating.
Decor
The pastoral style is characterized by a large number of decorative elements:
- textiles underfoot and on the walls;
- pillows;
- icons;
- self-sewn tablecloths and lace napkins;
- any embroidery;
- and other similar decorations are welcome.
They create a unique comfort and warm homely atmosphere.
But the initial stage in creating a peaceful atmosphere is considered to be the choice of a color shade that will prevail in the style of the house. There are no special restrictions, but the modest, restrained and slightly rough country style is characterized by natural shades and muted, soft tones with harmonious infusions of light shades. Pastel shades are also popular.
Types of fireplace
Connecting even a small fireplace to a stove chimney is not a very successful idea. It is difficult to correctly calculate the draft so that smoke from the stove does not go into the open hearth, and the control system will require manually closing the views on the first and second floors in turn.
- A fireplace insert is a lightweight option in which you only build a brick box around a finished steel chamber with your own hands. The weight of the product is much lower - from 150 kg. It does without a foundation, but a brick elevation will have to be built for the firebox.
- A ready-made hearth with a closed combustion chamber is a steel or cast iron autonomous device with a glazed firebox door. The weight is minimal, it can be installed in any convenient place and connected to the chimney.
The simplest model of this kind serves as a very good heater: in a closed chamber, a convection method of heat transfer is implemented, and not just radiation. More versatile versions can heat water, connect to central heating and act as a stove - even baking bread. The photo shows a sample.
Improved types of stove heating
Stove with a water circuit
High-quality heating of the house is provided using a classic stove together with a fireplace. In this case, the structure will be additionally heated using open fire.
Simplified and combined options for stove heating of country houses can be supplemented with a water circuit: this will ensure uniform heating of the house. Then it does not matter where the oven will be located. With this scheme, most of the heat is used to heat water in the heat exchanger, the walls of the stove heat up slightly.
Installing stove heating in a village house may be more profitable than other methods of heating the structure. But only a good specialist who can plan the functional placement of the stove can build such housing.
Materials and tools used for constructing a two-story stove
To build the structure, you will need the same materials as for the construction of conventional heating or cooking stoves, with the only difference being that a two-story stove has a larger mass and height.
The structure will consist of the following main parts:
- Monolithic foundation;
- Masonry of the bottom, blower and combustion chamber;
- Masonry of chimney ducts;
- Exterior finishing;
- Views, dampers, oven and firebox doors, hob (if necessary);
- chimney;
- Deflector or canopy on the roof.
To build this structure you will need:
- Fireclay fire-resistant brick;
- Ceramic ordinary solid brick made of red clay;
- Fireclay clay or mixture for laying refractory bricks;
- Cleaned quarry sand;
- Cement-sand mixture;
- Cement grade 500;
- Furnace fittings - dampers, inspection doors, grates, combustion doors and ducts;
- Metal fittings – steel angle 50x50 or 60x60 mm;
- Sections of steel reinforcement with a diameter of 8 mm;
- Knitting wire;
- Asbestos sheet.
The tools that will be used are:
- Master OK;
- concrete mixer or solution container;
- buckets for transferring materials and supplying solution;
- power tools for preparing the solution;
- level;
- plumb line
The calculation of the required material is carried out based on the sequential masonry plan. When calculating, a reserve of 5% is made for the amount of fireclay bricks, 10% for red brick, and the same amount must be reserved for facing materials. The reserve for clay and cement mixture is made at least 15%. True, this applies to the case when the masonry is done independently.
