How to properly set up and adjust a gas boiler yourself

Can't find the instructions? Did the recommendations in the brochure not help you? You have the opportunity to read our article about setting up boilers. If you don't know how to handle gas equipment, you need a specialist. But you must admit, it doesn’t hurt to save time and money over and over again thanks to knowledge of the basic settings. Effectively adjusting a gas boiler is much simpler than it might seem.

From the article you will understand the principles of adjusting pressure, thrust and power during operation of the device. Find out the probable causes of problems along with options for eliminating them. If you need to tune the boiler, use our materials. Do not forget about the safety rules, and you will successfully configure the device and fix minor problems.

You should be interested in the settings of a gas boiler long before purchasing, taking into account your needs and various features. We have written which parameters can or should be changed in the device you are using. The new device should be configured and prepared for operation, and some undesirable aspects can be corrected.

Combustion chamber of heating equipment

Gas boilers differ primarily in the design of the combustion chamber.
It comes in two types: The open chamber is a fairly simple combustion device. It looks like this: above the burner there is a heat exchanger in the form of a coil of thin copper tubes. Thanks to the open design, the air required for the combustion reaction is supplied to the point of ignition of the gas from the environment.

As a rule, there is enough air from the room (provided good ventilation is organized). But there are wall-mounted models with air intake from outside, for which a special hole is mounted in the wall. Open combustion chambers require a chimney.

Most often it is installed for models of floor-standing gas boilers, and was also used to complete an old-style boiler (in this case, ignition was carried out by a pilot burner).

The closed combustion chamber is distinguished by the design of the heating block. The heat exchanger is located above the burner. The unit body is closed, combustion air is pumped by a fan installed in the chamber. Coolant is passed through the double walls of the chamber, heating it, increasing the efficiency of the boiler. The gas is burned almost completely, the combustion products are removed by a coaxial pipe under air pressure.

Principle of operation

Water circuits are rarely connected to gas stoves. The room is heated directly by heated air from the stove. The only difference with a solid fuel stove is that natural gas is used, not wood.

Advice. It is very easy to install a water circuit with a heat exchanger or a water tank in gas furnaces; sometimes a system is connected that allows warm air masses to be discharged into adjacent rooms.

There are options for gas stoves combined with a solid fuel unit or powered by electricity. There are universal burners that run on diesel fuel if the need arises.

Important. All installation and repair work related to gas fuel must be carried out exclusively by representatives of a specialized organization that has the appropriate permit.

Homemade units

There are craftsmen who remake heating systems with their own hands. On the Internet you can even find the necessary diagrams for changing the devices of gas burners, their installation and adjustment.

Typically, metal is used as a material for the manufacture of heating systems. A cast iron firebox would be much more reliable. However, it is not possible to use it at home.

An excellent option for manual work is to order the system from specialists. They will be able to manufacture the device in accordance with all the customer’s wishes. However, the possibility of defects in the boilers cannot be ruled out, which may appear after some time.

Why do you need homemade heating units? The fact is that the marked options have a lower cost. They are made mainly because of the desire to save money. At the same time, these options are inferior to their factory counterparts in efficiency.

Usually only solid fuel and electric units are manufactured. Making a gas or diesel boiler is extremely dangerous. In addition, their installation in the house is strictly prohibited.

According to the principle of operation, a homemade product is no different from a purchased version. It will burn fuel and heat the coolant filled with water.

The main disadvantage of this unit is the lack of warranty. Factory equipment will work and perform its functions. Even if the buyer stumbles upon a defect, he will be able to exchange the product for another.

It is better to use pellets, firewood, and coal as fuel in self-made units. These materials are less dangerous than gas. It is impossible to make heating devices based on the latter.

Simple solid fuel units are the most popular and widespread homemade devices. They are simple, and their design is in many ways similar to a conventional stove. In addition, they are versatile.

Like a conventional stove, these systems can operate on any solid fuel. The main thing is that it burns.

Main parts of a gas boiler.

The efficiency of homemade equipment is significantly lower than factory equipment. It is influenced by many factors.

Among them:

• thermal insulation;
• combustion completeness;
• the correctness of the conclusions.

The efficiency of the unit directly depends on the combustion temperature. The higher it is, the lower the efficiency. In high-quality systems, the temperature in the firebox is maintained at 120–150°C. Higher values ​​reduce the safety of pipes. This in turn significantly reduces the durability of the unit.

When manufacturing heating boilers with a burner, it is better to protect yourself as much as possible from the possible consequences of its operation. Therefore, you should consider a separate purchase of an automatic gas burner, which will be installed in an atmospheric or blown boiler.

You can also make electric heating units with your own hands. Their design may vary. It all depends on the person’s needs. The simplest option is to install a heating element directly into the heating system. In this case, there is no need to make a boiler.

The pipe with the heater must have a sufficiently large diameter. It should be easily removable for repairs and cleaning.

Systems without a heater deserve special attention. Its role is played by water itself. A current is passed through it, and heating occurs due to the movement of water ions. The liquid itself must contain salt.

It is extremely difficult to make such a device. Electric current passes directly through the coolant, so the entire system must be reliably insulated.

One of the dangers of this device is electrical breakdown. Essentially the same as a short circuit. Gas may also accumulate in the system. As a result, heating efficiency will decrease.

From all of the above, the best option is a solid fuel unit. Its body can be assembled from heat-resistant steel. It is characterized by increased strength, less wear and high resistance to thermal influences.

However, heat-resistant steel is expensive and in practice is rarely used in homemade boilers. Another option is cast iron: this material tolerates heat well, although it is difficult to work with. Equipment for the manufacture of cast iron stoves is available only at specialized enterprises.

It is important to understand that without the proper experience and skills, it is better not to make a heating system yourself. Safety must come first

It is enough to make even one inaccuracy, and this can lead to disastrous consequences.

GENERAL OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

1.1. An employee who is at least 18 years old, who has undergone a medical examination and has no contraindications for health reasons, who has the necessary theoretical and practical training, who has completed introductory and initial workplace safety briefings and training according to a special program, and who is certified, is allowed to perform work using a gas burner. qualification commission and received permission to work independently. 1.2. An employee who performs work using a gas burner (hereinafter referred to as the employee) must periodically, at least once a year, undergo training and testing of knowledge of labor protection requirements and receive permission to perform high-risk work. 1.3. An employee, regardless of qualifications and work experience, must undergo repeated training on labor protection at least once every three months; If an employee violates labor safety requirements, as well as during a break in work for more than 30 calendar days, he must undergo an unscheduled briefing. 1.4. An employee who has not undergone timely instructions and testing of knowledge of labor protection requirements is not allowed to work independently. 1.5. An employee performing work using a gas burner, who is allowed to work independently, must know: safety measures when using gas cylinders and burners. Rules, regulations and instructions for labor protection and fire safety. Rules for the use of primary fire extinguishing agents. Methods of providing first aid in case of accidents. Internal labor regulations of the organization. 1.6. An employee sent to participate in work unusual for his profession must undergo targeted training on the safe performance of the upcoming work. 1.7. An employee is prohibited from using tools, devices and equipment that he has not been trained in the safe handling of. 1.8. When performing work using a gas burner, an employee may be exposed mainly to the following dangerous and harmful production factors: - the possibility of a fire when using a gas burner; — the possibility of a gas cylinder explosion; — gas burner surfaces heated to high temperatures; - uncomfortable working position. 1.9. An employee performing work using a gas burner must be aware that during work, the most likely cause of injury may be burns from the open flame of a gas burner. 1.10. To protect against the effects of dangerous and harmful production factors, the employee must use special clothing, safety shoes and other personal protective equipment. 1.11. To prevent the possibility of a fire, the employee must comply with fire safety requirements himself and prevent other employees from violating these requirements; Smoking is permitted only in designated areas. 1.12. The employee is obliged to comply with labor and production discipline, internal labor regulations; It should be remembered that drinking alcohol usually leads to accidents. 1.13. If an accident occurs with one of the employees, the victim must be given first aid, report the incident to the manager and maintain the situation of the incident, if this does not create a danger to others. 1.14. The employee, if necessary, must be able to provide first aid and use a first aid kit. 1.15. To prevent the possibility of illness, employees should observe personal hygiene rules, including thoroughly washing their hands with soap before eating. 1.16. It is not allowed to perform work while intoxicated or in a state caused by the consumption of narcotic drugs, psychotropic, toxic or other intoxicating substances, as well as drink alcoholic beverages, use narcotic drugs, psychotropic, toxic or other intoxicating substances at the workplace or during work. time. 1.17. An employee who violates or fails to comply with the requirements of labor safety instructions is considered a violator of industrial discipline and may be subject to disciplinary liability, and, depending on the consequences, to criminal liability; if the violation is associated with causing material damage, then the perpetrator may be held financially liable in the prescribed manner.

Commissioning of gas burners. Setting up burners in gas and diesel boiler houses.

Commissioning is an important stage of work, which must be performed when the boiler room is adequately put into operation. In one hundred percent of cases, setting up heating burners is mandatory for powerful industrial boiler houses, but in some cases it may well be necessary for a domestic boiler room in a private home.

Gas burner with a capacity of 1.2 MW after completion of commissioning work.

Why do you need to adjust a gas or diesel burner?

Let me remind you that the main elements of any boiler house are heating boilers with burners, pumps, heat exchangers, fittings and a control system. Heat is generated in the boiler by burning fuel, it can be gas, diesel, waste oil or any other type of combustible fuel. Obviously, for the most efficient combustion of fuel in a boiler, it must be mixed with oxygen in the air in a certain proportion, correct for each type of fuel. In this case, mixing should be uniform. The process of mixing fuel with oxygen and its dosage is carried out in burners, in household burners (gas burners, diesel burners, etc.). Any industrial burner, and most household burners, are manufactured by the manufacturer for a certain range of thermal power. For example, a gas burner with mechanical modulation and a maximum thermal output of 1.2 MW can be configured to operate efficiently with a thermal output ranging from 600 kW to 1.2 MW. Obviously, for each specific thermal power it will be necessary to burn a strictly defined amount of fuel and mix this fuel with the optimal amount of air for combustion. To ensure this proportion lies the need to adjust the burners before commissioning.

Pressurized gas burner, the amount of air supplied is regulated by the degree of opening of the air damper.

Efficient combustion of fuel

Let us illustrate this topic using the example of a gas burner running on natural gas. To burn a certain volume of natural gas, a certain amount of air is required, which depends on the type of gas. In burner devices, a slight excess of air is always adjusted for fuel combustion. During the setup process, you should focus on the composition of the exhaust gases after fuel combustion. The content of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and residual oxygen is controlled. When setting up a gas burner, the flow rate of the burned gas is set in accordance with the required thermal power, while the amount of combustion air is adjusted so that the exhaust gases contain about 10% carbon dioxide, 3-5% residual oxygen and no carbon monoxide. These indicators must be achieved throughout the entire range of burner operation, from ignition to reaching maximum power.

Dependence of the operating efficiency of a heating boiler on the residual oxygen content.

About the qualifications of the adjuster and the tool

Today, a large number of types of burners are used, with different types of modulation and number of stages. To set them up correctly, you simply need to know the methodology for setting up each type of burner by completing specialized training. To set up, you need a gas analyzer, an electronic pressure gauge, and a device for monitoring gas leaks.

Our specialists have extensive experience in setting up various types of heating burners and have a full range of necessary equipment and tools. We are ready to perform commissioning work at your facility.

Source

Questions about choosing waterproofing for your bathroom

This is a rather complex question that cannot be answered unambiguously. The choice of insulation type depends on many factors. First of all, this is the floor material. If it is wood, it is advisable to use adhesive insulation. Any type will work for concrete.

It is also important to understand how serious the repair work is planned to be carried out. If you have the opportunity and desire to perform the highest quality waterproofing, it is better to choose adhesive, laid under the screed, followed by treatment with coating compounds

High-quality waterproofing of the bathroom will protect finishing materials and building structures from premature destruction

Such a tandem will provide guaranteed protection against any leaks for decades. However, this is the most time-consuming option. If relatively minor repairs are planned, only coating waterproofing can be laid.

It is worth considering the number of floors of the building. If the bathroom is located on the ground floor of a private house, insulating the floor and walls will be sufficient. For a high-rise building, you will also need work on the ceiling.

When choosing a material, it is also important to take into account the possibility of changing the height of the room. If this is extremely undesirable or impossible, it is worth using impregnated or liquid coating insulation

Any of the existing types of materials can be selected to work with the floor.

It is worth considering the configuration of the room. It will be extremely difficult to install a rolled panel in a bathroom of complex shape. For walls and ceilings, only impregnating and coating compounds are used.

Using a gas burner

The most popular design can rightfully be considered a burner with piezo ignition. As a rule, such devices are an indispensable thing on a camping trip, as they become a simple, all-weather alternative to a fire. The mini-device gives you the chance to quickly cook or heat food and boil water almost instantly. Its advantages over open fire are the ability to control fuel and adjust the strength of the flame.

Modern portable equipment is protected from the wind, and some models are equipped with holders for utensils. Maximum ease of use of a simple gas burner is also not the last plus: owners do not have to “mess around” with matches, since the flame is ignited by pressing a button. Burners with piezo ignition are an almost obligatory attribute of dachas, which simply do not require a connection to the gas main.

In housework and workshops, such mini-devices are used for heating metal or other surfaces and for soldering parts. In both cases, simple fuel-powered devices have a great advantage over construction hair dryers and soldering irons. They do not require electricity to function. However, gas burners can also refuse to work, and an emergency occurs for various reasons.

The most common of them are water getting inside the mechanism and failure of the piezo ignition to work. Most often, it is because of the last element that produces a spark that gas equipment breaks down.

Heater Maintenance

Maintenance of an infrared gas heater, like any other equipment, must be carried out at certain intervals. This will help avoid malfunctions during operation of the device.

A large layer of dirt increases thermal insulation, which significantly reduces the effect of heat waves transmitted by the heater into the space being treated. As a result, operating efficiency decreases, which negatively affects the functioning of the unit.

Manufacturers indicate the need and regularity of cleaning in the instructions for the device. This usually needs to be done once a year or as needed. In this case, be sure to turn off the device and wait until it cools down.

Placing the heater in close proximity to a wall may cause the device to overheat and melt plastic parts. Plastic covers heat sensors and causes disruption of thermoregulation. It is necessary to restore not only the housing, but also the sensor

Cleaning is carried out using a damp cloth, which must be soaked in soapy water. This way you can wash the heater body and the location of the cylinder with the gas mixture. Difficult stains can be removed using chemicals and brushes.

Compressed air is usually used to clean the inside of the heater whenever possible. A stream of air should be passed over the surfaces of the burner and ceramic plates until completely clean. The procedure must be carried out carefully so as not to damage the fragile structure of the ceramic parts.

The spark gap and burner openings are also cleaned using compressed air.

After cleaning the device, you need to wipe it dry. The burner and spark gap area must be dry before starting.

It is unacceptable to clean using an abrasive method. Blasting can cause serious damage to the finish of the equipment, resulting in malfunctions

Before reusing the heater again, you need to check the equipment connections for leaks. All connections of the pipeline supplying gas to the device and gas hoses are checked using a soap solution.

If a leak is detected, the device must not be started. Before starting, you must ensure that the leak has been repaired.

Carrying out preventive cleaning of the device and its inspection will help to significantly extend its service life.

Gas burner device for a boiler

Atmospheric and fan burner devices differ in their structure. This is due to the different ways in which oxygen is supplied to the chamber during fuel combustion.

Atmospheric burner device.

Air enters the combustion chamber directly from the room. Nozzles are located inside the burner channel. Gas is supplied to the nozzles, mixing with air, which also has access here. At a short distance from the nozzles there are outlet slots through which the finished fuel mixture is supplied. An area of ​​reduced pressure is created between the nozzles and outlets, which promotes a constant supply of air for mixing.

A pilot burner is constantly running in the combustion chamber to ignite the main device.

Fan burner device.

The device block consists of:

1. engine;
2. fan;
3. automatic control unit;
4. gearbox;
5. air pressure switch;
6. fuel mixer.

Air is forced from outside by a fan and supplied to the combustion chamber to form a fuel substance. The air to gas ratio can be adjusted using a damper and a fan.

Combined versions

Combination burner

When using a modulated burner, the fuel can be gas, fuel oil, or diesel fuel. Under these conditions, no technical changes to the equipment are necessary.

Options for burning different fuels have been introduced into one block. This advantage is relevant for owners who do not yet have mains gas. This option is also useful for saving fuel.

These heating burners have total automation to control the combustion mode, fire intensity and other actions of the boiler. Thanks to intelligent automation, user participation in controlling gas equipment is minimized.

True, these burners have significant shortcomings that significantly reduce their popularity:

1. very complex device;
2. low efficiency;
3. It is a very complicated operation to reconfigure the device when changing fuel. A professional from the gas service should work here;
4. colossal prices.

As already noted, burners may differ in the method of fire control.

Which gas burner to choose for heating

Factory-built gas stoves for a home or cottage are largely similar in design. Almost all of them have a combustion chamber (or heat exchanger), a housing/casing, a smoke removal system, exhaust planes/openings/holes for hot air, and automation. But there is a key element that is used in one form or another in all devices.

Purpose of the device

The burner is the heart of any gas heating unit, on which efficiency, heat generator power, efficiency, safety, and overall functionality depend. It is in it that the gaseous fuel is mixed with oxygen, and it also houses the automation and main control mechanisms that ensure stable combustion in various modes. The same burner models, in principle, can be used in both boilers and furnaces.

The single-stage atmospheric burner is easy to operate, it fits well with the heating panel, and does not need to be connected to the electrical network.

The gas burner is installed in the stove from the front side, approximately in the place where the firebox door is usually located in wood-burning stoves. An important technical indicator of burners is the rated power (indicated in kW), which primarily depends on the ability of a particular burner model to burn a given amount of gas in a certain time.

Types of gas burners for furnaces

According to the type of burner thermal power control, there are:

• single-stage (automation turns the fuel supply on or off);
• two-stage (the heating device can switch to economical heating mode, for example, from 100% to 40%);
• floating adjustment (power changes smoothly - within 10-100%).

According to the type of air supply, gas burners for furnaces are divided into:

• atmospheric (air is sucked in by gravity under the influence of draft, there is no connection to electricity, efficiency is no more than 90%);
• supercharged (the fan supplies air when the chamber is closed, there is a dependence on the power supply, efficiency is above 95%).

Note! In stone heat-intensive devices (especially with high power), or if you make a gas melting furnace with your own hands, the burner may overheat, so it is necessary to use models of the high-temperature resistant “NT” type. Based on the type of ignition, burners are divided into products equipped with:. Based on the type of ignition, burners are divided into products equipped with:

Based on the type of ignition, burners are divided into products equipped with:

• electronic ignition (there is no constantly burning igniter, dependent on electricity);
• piezo ignition (no connection to the electrical network).

An atmospheric burner operates on this principle.

Also, in order for the body of a heating device (for example, for a bath) to warm up evenly, you need burners that distribute the flame better. As a way out, various torch dividers or distribution tubes are used (as in a conventional kitchen oven).

Gas heating will be efficient and safe only if all technical requirements are met during the development and installation of the system. This is a rare case when you can’t do without specialists in your field.

Gas burners can be atmospheric or forced. The first ones are simpler in design, the second ones have a greater degree of functionality.

Cutting Features

The cutter must be moved smoothly along the cutting line and monitor the angle of inclination, which deviates 5-6 degrees against the movement of the tool. When the metal thickness is more than 0.95 m, the deflection is increased by cutting through the metal to a depth of about 20 mm, and the deflection angle decreases again. We have already explained in detail how to cut with a cutter so that the cut is even in the previous section.

How much gas is consumed?

Gas consumption when cutting metal with a propane-oxygen cutter depends on the thickness of the structure and the configuration of the cut. For clarity, we present the table below:

Gas consumption is significantly reduced when surfacing or soldering is performed.

Nuances

The main task of the performer is to maintain the speed correctly:

• normal mode - sparks fly at right angles relative to the surface of the workpiece;
• low speed - flying away from the performer and an angle of less than 85 degrees.

After the process is completed, the oxygen supply is turned off first, and the propane is turned off last.

[stextbox N. Ishkulov, education: vocational school, specialty: welder of the fifth category, work experience: since 2005: “Performers who perform cutting using oxygen equipment for the first time must remember that they must start a new cut after a sudden stop from a different point, and not where the process was over."

Negative deformation

Beginning welders are concerned with the question of how to properly use a propane-oxygen cutter so that warping of the surface of the part does not occur. First you need to figure out what factors contribute to the occurrence of these defects:

• with uneven heating of the surface;
• a high cutting speed was selected;
• there was a sharp cooling of the heating area.

How to increase the efficiency of a gas boiler

At the beginning of this article, it was already noted that the service instructions for the Protherm Gepard 23 MTV boiler indicate its efficiency in heating mode: 93.2% at maximum thermal power (23.3 kW) and 79.4% when operating at minimum power (8 .5 kW.) Imagine how the efficiency will further decrease if this boiler has to work with a heating system with a power of 4 kW.

At least 1/4 of the spent gas will literally fly uselessly down the pipe. This will be the price to pay for installing cheap heating and hot water equipment in your home.

The efficiency of “turbo” gas boilers, with forced air supply to the burner and removal of flue gases, is especially greatly reduced. This is due to the fact that the boiler fan operates at a constant speed, ensuring the movement of gases in the quantities necessary for the boiler to operate at maximum power. As a result, excess air and smoke are supplied and removed into the boiler, which operates at lower power. And with excess air and smoke, heat, gas, and money literally fly down the chimney.

In more expensive models of “turbo” gas boilers, the fan rotation speed is adjusted automatically, depending on the amount of power with which the boiler is currently operating. As a result, when the power decreases, the amount of air supplied for combustion decreases, which increases the efficiency of the boiler.

In order to reduce the amount of air supplied to the boiler burner by a fan operating at a constant speed, we proceed as follows.

User manual

I consider the following to be the most dangerous situations when using equipment:

1. Gas pressure drop.
2. No draft in the chimney pipe.
3. Low voltage in the network.
4. The igniter went out.

It is necessary to pay attention to such emergency cases, and do not forget about the constant maintenance of the device. Cleaning all elements will not only ensure productive operation, but will also extend the life of the product.

I always advise owners, in addition to setting up the gas boiler, to turn on the heating in the summer at least once every 2 months, then all components of the equipment will not fail at the time of startup in winter and will work as smoothly as possible.

Adjusting the flame on the stove burners

It is necessary to debug the normal operation of the burner in cases where the flame loses its efficiency and quality. Setting up a gas stove should also be done by a specialist. But understanding the algorithm of this process will be useful for any user.

First, it’s worth understanding what a properly burning stove flame looks like. The fire should be blue. An intense bright blue glow is a sure sign that the stove is working correctly and does not need debugging. A yellow, orange or red flame indicates an incorrect composition of the combustible mixture. In this case, there is clearly not enough air; its flow must be increased.

Sparks and flame separation are another sign of insufficient air in the fuel mixture for the burner. The composition is corrected by working with a special screw

To change the gas-air mixture entering the burner, it is necessary to adjust the operation of the air dampers, which are usually located near each burner.

Direct setup goes like this:

• after disconnecting the stove from the gas system, it is necessary to gain access to the adjustment mechanisms under a special partition or in the gas control knob;
• the stove is reconnected to the main line, gas is supplied alternately to each burner;
• the volume of air entering the mixer is adjusted by turning a special screw;
• As soon as the flame in each burner acquires the correct color, you can turn off the stove again, reassemble it and connect it to the main line.

When setting up the stove, you may need to work with the gas control valve and its thermocouple. If the flame regularly goes out at a minimum fuel supply level, perhaps the problem lies in the gas control. The operating principle of this option is based on a special sensor that responds to the energy released during the combustion process. If the flame goes out unexpectedly, the thermocouple sensor cools down, signaling the gas supply to stop.

The simple operation of a small sensor can prevent terrible consequences. Therefore, the working surface of the stove and its parts must be kept clean.

However, oxidation processes and a decrease in the sensitivity of the sensor due to the ingress of liquids or the formation of deposits from food deposits can provoke incorrect gas shutoff outside of an emergency situation. Therefore, both the stove and this block should be kept clean, and if necessary, call a professional to clean it.

If you are faced with unusually noisy operation of the burner, we recommend that you find out the cause of the noise of the burner and how to eliminate it.

Adjustment

The cleanliness of the cut depends on the correct flame setting . Oxygen treatment is carried out with a slightly oxidized or normal torch. The carefully adjusted flame of cutters with concentric nozzles is surrounded by a cutting stream of oxygen. The core of the torch in each section should be symmetrical and not differ in brightness.

Cutting with a torch with the mouthpiece moved cannot be carried out, as this will lead to heating of the edge, which will negatively affect the quality of the cut. The use of self-centering mouthpieces increases the ease of use of such equipment, because the device makes the flame symmetrical.

Sometimes the movement of the gas mixture is hampered due to clogging of the channel, which divides the torch into streams and leads to loss of stability. Such a product not only reduces the quality of processing, but also reduces productivity. Flame adjustment is based on creating a symmetrical flame of the required power in relation to the oxygen cutting jet.

A normal flame is ensured with the valves slightly open, which makes it possible to make adjustments during operation. When acetylene and oxygen are fully open, an excessive amount of the former is observed. Smooth closing of the acetylene valve leads to stabilization of the process.

Automation from different manufacturers

Wall-mounted gas boiler

If we talk about a standard wall-mounted gas boiler, then it can operate according to the coolant temperature. A room thermostat or chronothermostat can be connected to it. It is also possible to connect an openterm protocol regulator.

A special case of using wall-mounted boilers is the possibility of using weather-dependent automation. Due to the use of an external temperature sensor, additional variables appear that make it possible to more quickly adjust the burner power and supply temperature, depending on the changing conditions outside the building.

Automation Arbat

The devices have 5 degrees of protection. There is thermoelectric flame protection. The gas supply is blocked when switched off. A modulating thermostat will provide comfort in use, and a coarse mesh filter will extend its service life.

Some models are equipped with a circulation pump. The device distributes the coolant evenly throughout the heating system. It is also possible to connect to an external thermostat inside or outside the room.

Automation Honeywell

Honeywell has a wide range of automation systems for gas boilers, from the most budget (mechanical) to multifunctional automatic systems.

Main features:

• the coolant automatically maintains the temperature;
• turning off the boiler in case of gas supply interruptions;
• shutdown in the absence of draft or during reverse draft;
• blocking the gas supply when the gas burner goes out.

Some models are equipped with programmable automation with the ability to set temperature periods depending on the time of day, weather, and even develop a heating/cooling mode by day of the week. And the Smile series models control several temperature circuits at once (heating, ventilation, “warm floor”, hot water, etc.).

Automation Eurosit 630 (Eurosit 630)

The Eurosit gas valve is one of the most used. It can be found on both domestic and imported boilers. Main advantages: multifunctionality of the gas supply regulator, modulation thermostat and the function of full modulation switching on the main burner. It works both from liquefied fuel cylinders and from a gas tank, without the use of electricity. Used in various types of gas-consuming equipment that require precise temperature control.

Basic principles of operation of Eurosit 630 automation.

Ignition of the pilot burner.

1. Check that the knob position matches the “off” icon.
2. Move the control knob to the “asterisk” position.
3. Keep the control knob pressed for a few seconds. Then release and make sure the pilot burner turns on. If the pilot burner goes out, repeat step 3.

Temperature selection.

Use the control knob to set the temperature. The gas will begin to flow into the main burner, where it will be ignited using the pilot burner.  

Power modulation.

The thermostatic system regulates gas flow and gas pressure in the main burner depending on the system capillary sensor. The colder the sensor, the greater the power and vice versa. The graph schematically shows how the power changes from maximum to minimum and then until the burner is completely turned off.

Duty position.

Move the control knob from the set temperature to “asterisk”. The main burner will go out, but the pilot burner will remain lit.

Shutdown.

Set the knob to the off position. The valve will close completely, but the thermoelectric protection magnet will remain temporarily activated until the thermocouple sensor cools down. During this period of time, restarting of the thermoelectric system is mechanically prevented. The function is called "interlog". It ensures ventilation of the combustion chamber before the next burner start-up.

The optimal solution is a heat accumulator

Sometimes the tips listed may not work: the user is interested in a narrow temperature range, the temperature sensor is built-in, and the minimum boiler power exceeds the required by four times. It would seem that timing cannot be avoided. In this case, it is worth moving from fine adjustments to making design changes to the heating system.

The essence of the problem is the heating and cooling of the coolant too quickly. This is observed due to a combination of two or three factors:

1. Spacious room
2. Powerful boiler
3. Not enough coolant

The first two cannot be fixed, but these are secondary problems. Low coolant content in the network is a key drawback causing clocking. It’s easy to get rid of it - just introduce new elements into the heating.

A heat accumulator is a sealed tank with water or other coolant with a volume of 100 liters or more. It is installed directly at the outlet of the heater, connecting it to the rest of the pipe system.

The result is the following process:

1. When turned on, the boiler warms itself up.
2. The battery stores heat over a significant period of time.
3. The rest of the heating system warms up.
4. The automation turns off the boiler.
5. The battery distributes heat over a significant period of time, maintaining a constant temperature.
6. The cycle repeats.

Of course, the battery increases inertia - therefore it is recommended to connect it parallel to the main pipe, with the possibility of excluding it from the system. Thus, the clocking problem is solved comprehensively and is unlikely to return again.

Basic error codes and their interpretation

Baxi boiler errors are certain deviations from the nominal operating mode, which are recorded by sensors and displayed on the unit display in the form of a numeric code with the letter e (Error).

Let's take a closer look at them:

Each season has its own regime

Modern boilers are very easy to adjust a variety of parameters, including the intensity of fuel combustion. This function was introduced for a reason, but to prevent excessive fuel consumption due to clocking. It is recommended to choose your own regime for each season:

1. Winter - maximum or average power.
2. Spring, autumn - minimum power, in March and November - average.
3. Summer - the boiler is not used, or - minimum flame.

However, these settings are relevant if the boiler matches the size of the heated room. Many people take equipment “with a reserve” of power, implying severe frosts, deterioration of the heat-saving properties of housing, or an increase in the area of ​​​​the premises. In this case, it is recommended to immediately set the flame to minimum, especially if the boiler is wall-mounted.

Burner adjustments may stop working or operate incorrectly over time. If boiler repair is not possible, you can change the flame power using a valve on the gas pipe. This method is rarely used in practice, since valve wear can lead to leaks.

Ignition type

All burners can be divided according to the type of ignition:

1. Electronic type . They do not have a constantly working igniter. Requires electricity to operate. Electric ignition is one of the most convenient inventions for modern heating units. Thanks to him, the operation of the stoves has become as comfortable as possible. Electric ignition makes it possible to light the burner flame safely, without using available wicks or lighters.
2. Burners with piezo ignition . No electricity needed.

Sometimes special working conditions are required, for example, burners are placed in a sauna stove, which must distribute the flame well. These are dividers or ordinary distribution tubes. This is how kitchen gas ovens work.

Advantages and disadvantages

Weather-dependent automation allows its users to avoid excessive heating of the room during warm periods and to avoid loading heating boilers in advance during cold periods.

The presented system has a number of advantages that allow heating to operate in optimal mode:

• sudden changes in temperature outside do not affect the microclimate of the room;
• maximum economical fuel consumption;
• smooth transitions between operating modes eliminate long-term loads on heating equipment;
• the amount of harmful emissions into the chimney is reduced;
• the service life of the heating system increases.

Installing automatic heating control will allow you to significantly save money, get maximum comfort and not be distracted by independently adjusting heating modes.

However, the disadvantages of this equipment should also be taken into account:

1. High price.
2. The placement of the sensor indoors seriously affects the overall operation of the system.
3. Installation, configuration and repair of automation is possible only with the help of qualified specialists.

Weather-dependent automation perfectly controls heating in high-rise buildings, whose facades are exposed to all winds. Application in the private sector largely depends on environmental conditions.

Defect or incorrect setting?

An unpleasant phenomenon is often viewed as a technical malfunction, but it is not. The temperature sensor is triggered by a change in temperature - the burner turns on - the boiler heats up. Everything works correctly and in accordance with the specified conditions. And the fact that the cycle irrationally uses the boiler resource is the problem of the user, not the underlying program.

Thus, clocking is not a defect, but the result of incorrectly adjusted temperature ranges or a poorly organized heating system. There are several most common reasons for the boiler to not operate correctly:

• Incorrectly installed thermometer.
• Small temperature ranges.
• Unregulated burner.
• Low heat capacity of the heating circuit.

It is these problems that are a frequent reason to call a specialist. Of course, you can do it on your own - just follow simple tips.

Igniters for boilers operating on gas AOGV Zhukovsky. General review.

Igniters for boilers operating on gas AOGV Zhukovsky. A short excursion. Posting date 01/27/2016

Introduction

The flashlight was a device used to ignite the charge in a cannon. The gun in our case is the boiler burner, which is ignited by our igniter. She seems to light a cigarette from his constantly burning flame. Moreover, after the burner has lit, the igniter also continues to work. Having worked for the required time to reach the temperature specified by us, the burner turns off. The boiler pilot light continues to burn. And these cycles of lighting and turning off the burner are continuous for the entire period of operation of the boiler. In addition to performing the function of igniting the boiler burner, the igniter performs another serious mission - it heats the gas control thermocouple. If for some reason the igniter flame goes out, it blows out, or something else happens, the heated thermocouple will cool down, stop producing thermo-EMF, after which the solenoid valve will turn off, which, in the open position, allows gas access to the boiler. Now there is no point in describing how all the automation works, but if you are interested in this particular moment, you can read it in detail here. Those. in fact, as long as the pilot light is on and the entire boiler is working. The pilot light went out and the boiler turned off. This cyclicity is present in all non-volatile gas automatics, no matter what they are and no matter what gas boilers they are installed on.

In various types of non-volatile automatic equipment installed on AOGV boilers of the Zhukovsky plant, the igniters are different. Here we present those components that we already know quite well. It may be that it will soon be possible to continue improving knowledge on a similar issue.

Problems

It is worth noting right away that we do not know of a single boiler malfunction that is directly related to the igniter itself (or the pilot burner, as it is also called). There are some variants of problems that occur, but the methods for solving them do not pay attention specifically to the igniter.

For example:

1. Do you have to agree that a crooked flame sticking out in all directions from the end of the igniter is not a malfunction? 2. And when gas flows to the igniter directly and immediately, without pressing the solenoid valve button, simply when opening the tap of the gas pipe that leads to the boiler, is this a malfunction of the gas block rather than the igniter? 3. And when gas oozes from under the pilot gasket and the boiler smells of gas, does this again have nothing to do with this poor tube with a jet at the end?

Smart?

Yes. This is all true. However, in such circumstances, it is again not the igniter itself that needs to be replaced, but only the igniter gasket, through which gas is leaking, and it is immediately necessary to replace the diaphragm of the upper valve in the Economy unit if the igniter continues to burn even when the solenoid valve button is released.

And practice itself constantly says that when the igniter flame, beating slightly to the side, suddenly begins to heat the control gas thermocouple insufficiently concentrated, which is so necessary for us to keep the solenoid valve in the open position, in this case the igniter definitely needs to be replaced .

Why?

In many cases, the pilot flame does not change quickly due to natural aging and the usual burnout of the tip (or jet). Firstly, people don’t always get around to it, and secondly, why do all this if the boiler is still working anyway? The answer to such questions, taking into account experience, is as follows: And so that there is no severe headache when another unexpected and complex problem appears. When the boiler simply turns out to be impossible to start, as they say, out of the blue. When, it seems, elementary problems will eventually become such a “complex lunch” that even correct diagnostics can easily come to a dead end and, as in most cases, we see, everything will begin to be replaced in a row, just to get the boiler started. Right up to replacing the boiler. And this is unacceptable. This teaches no one anything and is frustrating. This, so to speak, spits in the face of the repair professional and tells him that he doesn’t love the job. If one of the repair professionals advises you, making it clear that fatal, frequent problems require replacing the boiler with a new one, for us personally, with similar advice, he is in no way a winner, but a loser. What was the point of coming then? To recommend this professionally? As a result, we are here and draw our attention to various subtleties in a very special way, and the operation of the igniter of the AOGV Economy gas boiler is one of them, and, by the way, in the end it may turn out to be decisive. Especially when the boiler is not new, but has already served for a sufficient period of time. Such are the things.

Further

The goal of this work is to accurately and quickly determine and order the igniter that is installed on your boiler . The diameter of the fitting for connecting igniters on the Economy unit, both old and modern types, is M 12 external thread. All igniters of the old type, without exception, which were equipped with gas boilers with the domestic Economy block, produced before 2002, are called by the plant and by us “ Ignition Unit ”.

Device

In our case, the igniter is an ordinary copper tube, with a jet at one end and a nut at the other end for connecting to the Economy block.

Old sample

If you unscrew the Tip nut, a traditional jet is hidden under this design.

The fun begins when looking at the Igniter Assembly Tip. On this reinforced element we see a couple of holes, the purpose of which we need to remember. This can be of great help in understanding how it works, and also in cleaning it properly.

According to the numbers in the photo: 1. This is a hole for equipping air suction into the igniter flame. Without them, it is almost impossible to ensure stable combustion. There are two similar holes. They are located directly opposite each other. 2. This hole provides us with heating for the thermocouple. And it is precisely this that must always be superbly clean. 3. This hole is necessary for lighting the main burner. 4. These holes are necessary for the constant burning of the flame in hole No. 3. Without them, this is simply impossible. These are like holes that “transmit” the flame further.

New sample

There is no tip and only a “naked” jet is placed at the end. He is “naked”, i.e. without various protections due to the fact that the igniter flame goes up and turns with the help of the Gooseneck towards the thermocouple. This entire structure is shown in the photo below.

At the moment, when we are more or less familiar with the device and operating principle, we move on to presenting the samples of spare parts themselves in this section. The igniter units known to us are distinguished only by their length. They are all similar in design. Below we present the information that we know. Measurements are approximate and are provided as a guide. There are no surprises here.

Old sample

1. For any gas boiler AOGV-11.6 Economy produced before 02/01/2002. The length from the lower bend to the nut in a straight line is 38 cm. Article 336010.

2. For all boilers operating on gas AOGV-17.4, AOGV-23.2 and AOGV-29.1 Economy release until 01.06. 1996. Length from the bottom bend to the nut in a straight line 59 cm. Without article.

3. For all boilers operating on gas AOGV-17.4, AOGV-23.2 and AOGV-29.1 Economy release from 01.06. 1996 to 02/01/2002. Length from the bottom bend to the nut in a straight line 50 cm. Article number 301041.

New sample

Modern igniters are structurally different from old igniters, as they have one more mounting option near the boiler burner.

1. Igniter for the gas boiler AOGV-11.6 Economy produced from 02/01/2002 to the present day. The length from the bottom bend to the nut in a straight line is 41 cm. Article 390004.

2. Igniter for boilers operating on gas AOGV-17.4, AOGV-23.2 and 29.1 produced from 02/01/2002 to the present day. The length from the bottom bend to the nut in a straight line is 54 cm. Article 364021.

The right way to determine the type of igniter on your boiler (we are talking about ZhMZ Economy boilers)

Important! If it is not possible to determine the year of manufacture of the boiler, there is an accurate way to determine what type of igniter is installed on your boiler - an old or new model. It's done like this. It is necessary to compare the diameter of the thermocouple (and in Zhukovsky Economy boilers it is always the same - 6 mm) and the diameter of the igniter tube. With the old type, i.e. The igniter assembly has a tube diameter similar to that of the thermocouple - 6 mm. But a modern igniter has a significantly thinner tube - 4 mm. This is very quickly done purely visually. How fast, look at the next photo, where there is a thermocouple on the left, an igniter unit inside, and a modern type igniter on the right.

Everything we know about igniters for imported units for boilers operating on gas AOGV Zhukovsky

1. Ignitor for boilers operating on gas AOGV 17.4 AOGV 23.2 and 29.1 models Universal SIT (with Eurosit 630 block). The length from the bottom bend to the M 10 fitting in a straight line is 69 cm. Article number 428005.

2. The pilot burner can hardly be called an igniter.

This is a specific design, which is a unit that combines an igniter flame divider, a control gas thermocouple, a thermogenerator and an electrode. However, it contains space only for gas-fired boilers AOGV-29, 43 and 50 Comfort with SIT 820 Nova and Honeywell units (VS8620C1011B), located and fixed at the very bottom of the boiler. If you have a modern type AOGV 29.1 Comfort Mertik model (2010 and younger), where the valve is fixed inside the boiler body, we don’t yet know anything about igniters for these models.

And for other igniters, say, for AOGV Comfort release boilers since 2002 with a Honeywell gas valve, with a power of 17 and 23 kW, there is currently no information. All newly introduced additions to this section will be dated, since the information is frankly insufficient and there are variations of boilers with foreign gas blocks, about which we still know little.