How should the stove be placed in the house, what location for installation will be optimal

Date of publication: June 05, 2020
The optimal location of the heating device is of considerable importance for both efficient heat generation and user comfort. Thoughtful placement of the stove can not only bring a special atmosphere and comfort to the house, improve the ergonomics of the space, but also cause inconvenience if the installation location is chosen incorrectly. So where should you put the stove in the house? In this article, we will consider various installation options, as well as some of the nuances that affect this process.

Main factors influencing the choice of location

There are several main parameters that must be taken into account when choosing a specific point in the house to place a heating product:

• A room in which it is desirable to have a heater
• Total number of rooms requiring heating
• Total footage of premises requiring heating
• Location of the smoke route and its exit in the installation room
• Operating principle and equipment of the furnace (water heating, air heating)
• House layout
• Ease of operation and maintenance
• Materials for making walls and floors of a house
• Model design and weight
• Designer execution

Types of foundations

Among the known types of foundations for arranging furnaces, the following are suitable:

• concrete pillars;
• strip foundation;
• monolithic slab.

Each type has its own characteristics. Concrete pillars are suitable for both a heavy metal stove and a massive brick fireplace. The number of supports is selected based on the total weight of the structure and the condition of the soil at the installation site. To install them, holes of the required size are made in the floor, and after installing the posts, a frame of welded metal channels is laid on them.

Strip foundations are erected according to the classical scheme. According to the method, when constructing them, formwork is first made around the perimeter of the supporting structure, into which liquid concrete is then poured. All other operations are performed in exactly the same way as described in the previous case.

Important! The strip base should not be connected to the foundation of a wooden building, since due to its small mass in winter it can be squeezed out of the ground.

The monolith is mainly used when installing fireplace-type stoves in dachas. Its thickness can reach 15–20 cm, which is quite enough to withstand the design pressure on the foundation.

Any of the types of foundation discussed above must sit for some time after pouring. You can begin installing the stove on it in about 28–30 days.

Selecting a location based on the configuration of the unit and its operating principle

There are several types of organizing a home heating system. In the classic version, one stove is designed to heat one room.

Modern manufacturers have greatly increased the traditional capabilities of such equipment by equipping it with special devices that make it possible to generate heat not only for one, but for two or more rooms, as well as perform some other functions. Based on the equipment of the product, you can plan the type of heating:

1. One room (the simplest configuration) or two rooms (when installed between two rooms)
2. Several or more rooms: air heating using special pipes and air ducts, which at one end are connected to heat-generating equipment, and at the other end are discharged into rooms requiring heating. Heated oxygen is supplied to selected spaces through air ducts.
3. Several or more rooms with the function of preparing sanitary hot water: water heating. The organization of this type of utility networks is possible when choosing a furnace with a hydraulic circuit and a system for distributing water heated from the firebox of the product through radiators, radiators, boilers and even heated floors.

DIY fireplace installation diagram

In general, the instructions for installing a fireplace yourself include the following steps:

• preparation of floor covering;
• installation of a pedestal;
• laying out the slab near the firebox and laying the side plumbs;
• installation of the firebox;
• laying thermal insulation;
• box masonry;
• pediment masonry;
• installation of insulation in the chimney and its final finishing.

The final and mandatory stage is a fire test, which is carried out 3-4 days after the completion of the masonry of the box.

Traditional heating of one room with one stove

The classic heating method is implemented using models similar to traditional “stove stoves”. The optimal installation location for such products is where convection air flows move without obstacles or obstacles. Often choose that part of the room that is closer to its center.

Of course, the placement of the product will greatly depend on the chimney outlet. You can heat more than one space with such devices if you place the unit between two rooms: in a special niche, partition or hole. Then the heat will be distributed to both spaces at once.

Air heating

Organized by choosing a model with several or more pipes for connecting air ducts. The heat will flow through them into the selected rooms through special holes in the wall. In the case of such equipment, the installation location will depend on:

• length of air ducts from the heater to the desired room
• product power
• house plans
• Possibility of installing air ducts to the desired length
• the outlet locations of the pipes in each specific room and their area (these parameters help to calculate whether the amount of incoming heat will be sufficient or not)

Correct location in the interior

The fireplace in the house must be positioned so that there is no corridor in front of the people sitting by the fire. Otherwise, those who move along the created passage will begin to cross the “rest zone” and disturb the peace of those who are resting.

Location of the fireplace in the interior

Drafts negatively affect the functioning of the entire structure, so you should not install them near doors, windows or near stairs. It is not recommended to place the fireplace opposite the windows, as the intensity of air flow will increase. However, these rules do not apply to varieties with a closed firebox.

The fireplace portal should be turned to the center of the room so that the fire is clearly visible. It is best to think about a “recreation area” near it. You should not install a TV next to it, as it can distract attention and disrupt the relaxing atmosphere.

Water heating

The most complex type of heating from the point of view of engineering wiring, but at the same time, the most powerful and efficient. If the equipment is equipped with a water circuit and a heat exchanger, its installation location is calculated based on the following parameters:

• power of the water circuit and the product itself
• number of rooms requiring heat and the total area of ​​each of them
• total number of batteries and radiators that will be connected to the hydraulic circuit
• access to process water
• number of boilers into which hot water is planned to be supplied for sanitary and hygienic needs
• total area and arrangement of the underfloor heating system
• possibility of connecting distribution pipes
• total length of distribution pipes
• house layout to identify the most optimal wiring methods
• chimney outlet

Depending on the layout of the house and the length of the pipelines, the required power of the heating product is determined. The location of its position itself is not critical, but it must be organized so that the circuit of the unit is located at the lowest part (point) of the heating system.

Attention! Models with a water circuit and their wiring require the organization of complex engineering systems, so it is recommended to trust their installation and connection to professionals to comply with all fire safety and technical standards, as well as for the efficient operation of all equipment and wiring systems.

Selecting an installation location based on the design, dimensions and configuration of the furnace

The design and dimensions of the heater are selected to suit the overall footage, layout and interior of the space. The larger the room, the higher the power. The formula for identifying the required power: 1 kW is designed to heat an average of 10 cubic or square meters of a well-insulated house. The dimensions of the heater are often related to its power and configuration. For small rooms, you can choose a compact stove - its power is enough for heating, and for large or several rooms at once - a model of large dimensions and power.

Attention! Incorrect identification of the “power-footage” ratio will provoke an excess or shortage of thermal energy. Both options can lead to rapid breakdown of the heating equipment, which will constantly overheat (with excess power for a small area) or constantly operate at maximum power (with insufficient power for a large area).

The layout and interior of the space influence the choice of configuration and, accordingly, the method of placing the hearth. The following designs are distinguished:

• Wall mounted
• Corner
• Wall-corner
• Double sided
• Round
• Cylindrical
• Central
• Built-in
• Hanging

Chimney outlet

The most important factor on which to choose a location is the chimney outlet. Wood and gas fires can only function in conjunction with a chimney through which combustion products are safely discharged to the street.

Attention! The use of flammable fuel devices without a chimney is strictly prohibited!

If we talk about modern types of chimneys - modular, stainless steel, “sandwich” design, then the chimney can be connected to the heater in two ways:

1. Inside the building
2. Along the facade of the house

In both cases, a short section of a single-circuit pipe without insulation is connected to the stove body, and then to the main thread of the modular chimney with insulation. As a rule, the placement of heating products in the case of using a modern steel chimney can be done freely, since the length of such pipes can be of any length and configuration - that is, it allows the construction of a smoke route with offsets, turns and bypassing obstacles.

If there is an existing brick or ceramic chimney, the installation location of the heater is selected in strict accordance with the location of the chimneys.

Recommendation. It is advisable to calculate the location of the passage of the smoke pipe and the connection of the heating unit to it at the initial stages of designing and building a house, as this will greatly save time and money.

Required tool:

• Master OK;
• mason's hammer and wooden or rubber mallet;
• regular and notched spatulas with a width of 50–70 mm and 100–150 mm, respectively;
• buckets for mixing the solution;
• levels and plumbs;
• roulette;
• perforator;
• a construction mixer for mixing the mortar or an electric drill with a mixing attachment;
• screwdriver;
• Bulgarian.

Materials you should stock up on before starting construction:

• red stove brick M-200 and facing bricks in sufficient quantity;
• heat-resistant masonry mixture for stoves and fireplaces;
• heat-resistant mastic;
• cement M500;
• steel angle and strips;
• self-tapping screws, plastic dowels and washers;
• heat-insulating foil plates 50 mm;
• floor ceramic tiles or porcelain stoneware;
• plasterboard and UD and CD profiles;
• decorative grilles for ventilation holes;
• heat-resistant sealant.

Regardless of the design features, you should correctly calculate the consumption of materials, or, if in doubt, buy with a reserve. Most large hardware stores offer a return service for unused building materials provided the packaging is intact.

Compliance with fire safety rules when choosing a location

Determining the location is closely related to the type of materials from which the house is made. If there are surfaces (walls, floors, ceilings, furniture) made of wood and other flammable materials around the intended installation site, then the safe distances at which the fireplace should be removed from them should be taken into account. At the same time, removing the device from a wooden wall is only one of the fire safety rules. It is equally important to ensure reliable thermal insulation of combustible surfaces and the floor in the area where the heater will be located. Insulation around the stove can be made from:

• basalt wool
• drywall
• ceramics
• bricks
• decorative non-combustible materials
• natural and artificial stones

Attention! Reliable thermal insulation should also be implemented in places where the chimney passes through walls, ceilings and ceilings.

If you want to eliminate the need to install insulating surfaces, you can choose a central configuration oven (suspended, round, cylindrical). But in this case, you will still need to insulate the floor (foundation or sheet of non-combustible base).

Use the full heating volume.

When a wood stove heats up evenly, it emits infrared rays around itself. To make the most of this heat, place the stove in the middle of the room. In practice, the following types of location of the stove in the room are used:

• Location in the center of the room. Heat is dissipated 360 degrees around the oven. There are no obstacles around for the spread of heat. This is the most advantageous location of the stove.
• Location against the wall. With this installation option, heat is dissipated 180 degrees. The space in front of the oven remains free. This method is the most common.
• Corner location. Used when it is necessary to save space. This method of arrangement gives only 90 degrees from the heating sphere.