Equipment for flushing the heating system - compressors and other installations

How to flush the heating system in a private house

Chemical system cleaning

Chemical washing involves the use of special preparations that may have:

• biological origin;
• chemical origin.

The biological product purification technology is highly effective and environmentally friendly. The action is based on the principle of introducing microbiological agents into the heating system, after which deposits are broken down. This technology does not require disassembling and turning off the entire heating system of the house.

An undoubted advantage of chemical cleaning with biological products is the possibility of painless use in old heating systems. Cleansers are made on a water basis; the preparation serves to separate dirt from the walls. The desired cleaning result is achieved after a few days.

The advantages of this technology are:

• no need to turn off the heating system;
• Possibility of use in old heating systems;
• high efficiency and achievement of the desired result in a few days;
• safety;
• no negative impact on the pipe material.

The mechanism of chemical flushing is the effect of the drug on the contamination of the heating system of the house and cleans it by dissolving sediments and scale. Chemicals act on deposits, which are subsequently removed from the heating along with the liquid flow.

The cost of a chemical reagent depends on the composition and reputation of the manufacturer. The most popular drugs are:

DOCKER TERMO

The cost for 1 liter is 180 rubles; the drug cannot be used for aluminum.

Metalin

The price for 1 liter is 105 rubles; the drug cannot be used for non-ferrous metals.

Master Boiler Power

The price for 0.6 kg is 475 rubles, the drug has no contraindications for use.

Compositions of the SP-OM brand

They have no contraindications for use and can be used with aluminum and non-ferrous metals. The main advantage of the SP-OM brand washing liquid is the ability to use it for washing systems containing polymer components, non-ferrous metals and aluminum. SP-OM is also relatively harmless when draining the used solution. Each SP-OM grade is intended for use with certain metals and under certain conditions. More detailed information about the application and brands of the SP-OM composition can be found on the website https://spomcom.ru/

Significant disadvantages of the method include the difficulty in independently selecting the correct volume of the drug. The possibility of using chemicals is complicated by the fact that in most cases the components of the heating system are made of different materials. Chemicals have varying degrees of impact on metal or polymer materials. In most cases, preference is given to the method of mechanical action on contaminants in the heating network.

Physical cleaning methods

Physical cleaning methods are:

• hydrodynamic flushing;
• pneumohydropulse washing.

For hydrodynamic washing you will need special equipment, including special nozzles and thin hoses.

The cleaning mechanism consists of supplying water under pressure to a nozzle, which is responsible for generating thin jets of water.

The advantage of hydrodynamic flushing is considered to be its effectiveness, but in practice the method is used quite rarely due to its high cost.

Cleaning using the pneumatic-hydropulse flushing method is an effective means of combating contaminants in the heating system. For better cleaning, it is recommended to carry out the procedure several times. The essence of the method is to create increased pressure, due to which dirt breaks off from the walls.

Do-it-yourself chemical washing

For chemical cleaning, it is important to select the correct preparation and carefully study the instructions before starting work. To clean the heating system in a private home yourself, you need:

• pump;
• container for liquid;
• cleaning product;
• hoses.

Most chemicals are diluted with a certain volume of water before use. If you wish, you can purchase ready-made liquid in stores, which is the best option for flushing a small system. For large stand-alone systems, it is recommended to purchase a concentrate. The cleaning procedure is as follows:

• draining water from the heating network;
• filling the treatment station tank with the prepared composition;
• switching on using pump pipes and filling the heating system elements with a chemical composition.

It usually takes 2-3 hours to destroy scale. Circulation is carried out until there is no sediment in the filter container. It is mandatory to flush the heating system with water to completely remove the chemical reagent. Please note that used chemical solution should not be poured down the drain.

At the end of the washing, the heating is pressed and the tightness is checked.

When carrying out work, pay attention to safety precautions with chemicals. Precautionary measures:

• When working with the solution, it is imperative to wear gloves;
• the concentration of the reagent can be very dangerous for humans, so before starting work it is necessary to protect the mucous membranes with a respirator.

The main advantages of this method are

• High-quality removal of lime deposits and rust on the inner surface of pipes.
• There is no need to completely dismantle the heating system.
• Uniform heating of radiators after flushing.
• Reduced fuel consumption and, as a result, savings.
• Extending the life of the heating system.

Hydrodynamic type of flushing

The heating flushing scheme in this way involves active action of water on scale and deposits. This happens thanks to a stream of water, which is directed under extreme pressure to the desired area.

Water is supplied through special nozzles of the required size and diameter. This type of washing is more expensive than chemical washing, but the result is much more satisfactory.

Scheme of using the hydrodynamic method of cleaning the heating system. Click to enlarge.

This type of flushing is best suited for batteries made of cast iron. Removing scale from cast iron using chemicals is very problematic due to the properties of the material itself, and sometimes even impossible.

However, the hydrodynamic system does an excellent job in such cases.

Another undoubted advantage is the environmental friendliness of such washing, since no acids or solvents are used. But only water.

To achieve the desired effect, specialists must have a special mechanism that will create a pressure of two hundred or more atmospheres.

Naturally, all scale is removed solely by exposure to water. No additional liquids or reagents are needed.

But here, too, everything is not as simple as it seems. Before flushing using this method, you must take the radiator to a service center. There it will have to be treated with a special liquid so that the layer that needs to be removed becomes softer and more pliable.

Only after this can the walls be treated with a jet of water operating under pressure. Using this method, you can remove almost everything: grease, scale, rust, dyes, carbon deposits, etc.

Tips for using heating pipes

To ensure that heating performance does not decrease below a critical state, you must adhere to several rules:

• Clean at least once a year.
• If possible, avoid using untreated water as a coolant. In the simplest case, preparation consists of boiling, during which the content of dissolved salts is significantly reduced. Accordingly, the intensity of scale formation decreases. However, it is more effective to use special inhibitors that reduce the intensity of corrosion and scale deposits. When using inhibitors, make sure they are compatible with the material of the existing pipes and radiators.
• Coarse filters must be present on heating lines. They should be installed so that the pipe faces down. This will make cleaning easier and more effective, since all contaminants will be drained along with the water.
• It is advisable to clean the wash filters at least once a year.

If the cleaning is carried out by specialists, when choosing a performing company, it makes sense to pay attention to those organizations that provide a guarantee for the work performed.

Flushing the heating system is not the most time-consuming or complex undertaking. Even without assistants, it is quite possible to complete the task in one working day. Therefore, you should not neglect this procedure. The result will be not only trouble-free maintenance of a comfortable temperature in the house, but also significant savings on energy resources.

When the system should be cleaned

The system will require an initial flush after installation to remove any remaining flux or pipe joining material, as well as any metal particles such as swarf left over from recent installation or changes to the piping.

If the system is properly maintained, well designed, and regularly treated with a corrosion inhibitor, unscheduled flushing is unlikely to be required unless significant changes are made to the system.

However, not all of these requirements are common and sludge can build up in the system very quickly. Here are a few clues that indicate that sludge has already begun to accumulate in the heating system:

• cold “spots” on the bottom of radiators;
• parts of the heating circuit that do not heat up correctly;
• Excessive noise (bumps, clicks, pops) made by the boiler when it heats up.

The heating circuit should also be thoroughly flushed before installing a new high-efficiency condensing boiler, as the heat exchangers in such boilers are particularly susceptible to damage from contaminants in the heating system.

General information

Before cleaning, you should check the system to determine its configuration. You also need to determine the “age” and general condition of the components in order to select the required system flushing mode. For example, the procedure may remove corrosive debris blocking openings in radiators, which can lead to coolant leaks. If there is any doubt as to whether the system will withstand any cleaning methodology, replacement or repair of the relevant components will be required before proceeding.

Cleaning procedure

There are several ways to clean a system and there are a number of cleaning products on the market designed to help flush heating systems. Many products are designed to be added to the circulating water some time before flushing and help mobilize contaminants prior to flushing. Here you need to follow the instructions from the manufacturer of these products.

Basic flushing procedures:

1. Powerflushing.
2. Overpressure flushing.
3. Flushing with a circulation pump

Positive pressure flushing is probably the most effective procedure (although it is important to check the boiler manufacturer's instructions to determine whether flushing the system using the boiler in the heating circuit is acceptable). Powerflushing is also an effective method for cleaning heating systems, especially those containing high levels of black magnetite sludge. Powerflushing is also an effective method for cleaning heating systems, especially those containing high levels of black magnetite sludge.

Powerflushing is also an effective method for cleaning heating systems, especially those containing high levels of black magnetite sludge.

Please note that with all methods, changing the direction of coolant flow will help remove debris that could otherwise remain in the system and cause it to fail.

Preparation

Before flushing with any method, there are several general preparation steps. Typically these involve adding a suitable detergent to a running heating system and letting it sit for some time before actually flushing. The cleaner is usually flushed (while hot) from the system and the system is primed to begin the final flushing process.

Before flushing, you may also need:

1. Turn off all electrical controls and electrically isolate the system.
2. Avoid supplying cold water to the central heating system.
3. Manually close all heating circuit vents.
4. For systems with open ventilation, close or temporarily connect the open ventilation and cold water supply to the supply and expansion tanks.
5. When draining a vented system, the collection tank may have quite a large portion of floating sludge. It must be removed to prevent it from being drawn into the pipeline.
6. Mark the operating position of any shut-off valves or other control valves, and then open all valves fully.
7. Remove all thermostatic radiator valve (TRV) heads to ensure maximum flow through the valves.
8. Set any diverter or zone valves to their manual open position.
9. Where check valves are present, they must be closed, bypassed or temporarily removed, otherwise this will prevent flow reversal.

Instructions for flushing the heating system

There are 2 main methods for flushing the heating system, namely:

• using special hydropneumatic equipment;
• using chemical reagents.

Flushing using the hydropneumatic method

Hydropneumatic flushing of heating systems - instructions

This method is actively used by domestic housing offices and is quite effective. You just need to do everything in accordance with technology.

The principle is extremely simple: first, water is discharged from the system, then it is supplied back. A special pneumatic pump is used to “adjust” the water flow. As a result, under the influence of a fairly powerful pressure, scale and other deposits peel off, and when the water is drained, they are removed from the system.

To carry out this procedure yourself, you will need a pneumatic pump capable of pumping up a pressure of more than 6 kg/cm2.

The sequence of actions is as follows.

First step. We close the return valve.

Second step. We connect the pneumatic pump to the valve installed after the valve.

Third step. We reset the return line.

Fourth step. Let the pneumatic pump build up pressure above 6 kg/cm2, and then open the valve to which it is connected.

Fifth step. We close off all the risers one by one. We do this so that no more than 10 risers are blocked at one time. Compliance with this rule will make the washing procedure as effective as possible.

Sixth step. We switch the system to reset in the opposite direction. To do this we do the following:

• close the discharge and close the valve connected to the pump, and turn off the device;
• close the open valve, and then open a similar one on the “return”;
• we reset the heating system. To do this, connect the pneumatic pump to the valve in the opposite direction, then open the valve and turn on the pump. The liquid will move in a different direction.

You can determine the required duration of rinsing by eye. Has clear clear liquid started coming out of the system? We can finish! Return the gates and valves to their original positions and turn off the pump.

Prepare a suitable container to collect dirty water. If you wish, you can connect a hose to the battery and ensure that the dirty coolant is discharged into the sewer.

Chemical wash

This method can be used only in two cases, namely:

• if it is necessary to clean a heating system with natural circulation, built using steel pipes. It is advisable to use chemical reagents in situations where, for any reason, there is no desire to flush the entire system. Most often, blockages are deposited in heat exchangers. The system can silt around the entire perimeter. In the second case, chemical washing will not be of much use;
• if it is necessary to restore the old heating system. Over decades of operation, pipes can become clogged and overgrown so much that the power of the pneumatic pump will not be enough for effective cleaning. It would, of course, be possible to use a more powerful pump, but no one can guarantee that the pipes will not burst under such pressure.

The principle of flushing is simple: instead of coolant, a special solution containing acid and alkali is poured into the system. Then the mixture is circulated for 2-3 hours (if it is not the natural circulation line that is being cleaned, you will need to connect a pneumatic pump for this), after which it is drained and the pipes are filled with standard coolant.

Never use such chemical mixtures to clean aluminum pipes. If the products remain intact after such washing, they will serve significantly less.

Compressor for washing: means and equipment, reagent

When choosing equipment, familiarize yourself with the characteristics and features of the heating circuit

Pay attention to the size of the heating system and how many heating devices are installed in it

There are other parameters that affect the compressor installation.

Often, specially prepared coolant is poured. In this case, the pipeline will remain in normal condition for a long time. But this happens rarely, and usually ordinary running water is poured in, containing salts of microelements, which gradually settle on the walls. A simple example is a kettle with scale that has formed.

In addition, silt and dirt accumulate inside, and rust forms. A number of problems arise:

1. Reduced heating quality. Since salt layers have low efficiency, they become an obstacle to the transfer of thermal energy to radiators.
2. Due to the reduction in the internal diameter of the pipes, the passage of coolant becomes less intense.
3. Any type of pollution helps reduce the operating period of heating.

After such problems occur, coolant circulation deteriorates. This is reflected in a decrease in air temperature in the heated room.

The best preventive measure to combat this problem is regular cleaning of the circuit. Cleaning methods:

1. Using chemical reagents that can dissolve dirt and scale.
2. Jets of liquid supplied under high pressure wash away the plaque on the inside.
3. Using the hydropneumatic pulse method.

Compressor for hydropneumatic flushing of the heating system

The compressor is connected using hoses. First, a thorough analysis of the structure is needed to identify areas that are severely affected by layers.

Then the compressor operating mode and cleaning method are selected.

Hydropneumatic flushing is performed in the following ways:

1. Filling the circuit and supplying compressed air under pressure. After the procedure is completed, the drain valve opens.
2. Flow-through method: water is supplied continuously.

In order to protect the receiver from liquid entering it, a check valve is used.

The device is turned off and dismantled. The results are checked: a small section of the pipe is cut off, with a clean inner coating.

Models are top sellers

Popular brands of washing equipment:

1. Ropuls. The compressor cleans heating appliances, water pipes, heated floors and solar collectors. Among the advantages is the disinfection of drinking water.
2. Rockal. Small heating cleaner (no more than 300 l).
3. Cillit-Boy. Universal equipment: with its help, heating circuits, hot water supply and hot water supply pipes, drinking water pipelines and the “Warm Floor” system are freed from dirt. Controlled by an electronic module.

The supply of compressed air with liquid is under pressure. This loosens all the accumulated layers.

Signs that a flush is needed

For the normal functionality of the heating system, nothing should interfere with the movement of the coolant through the channels constructed for it.

There are several symptoms that a large amount of debris has accumulated inside the heating circuit, and scale has settled on the walls of the pipes. There are no obvious visual signs of clogging of the heating system.

It can be diagnosed by carefully monitoring the operation of the entire system and the appearance of a number of indirect signs:

• warming up of the system takes longer than before (for autonomous heating systems);
• the operation of the boiler is accompanied by uncharacteristic sounds;
• increased gas or electricity consumption; the temperature in different parts of the radiators varies significantly;
• radiators are noticeably cooler than supply pipes.

However, weak or uneven heating of batteries is not always a sign of clogging. Perhaps they were aired out. In such a situation, it is enough to release the air lock through the Mayevsky tap.

Without regular flushing of heating systems, pipes become overgrown, their flow area decreases, resulting in an increase in hydraulic resistance

In houses with a central heating system, its flushing should be carried out by employees of the heat supply company. In a private home, this procedure is carried out by the owners or invited specialists.

It is difficult to unequivocally recommend the frequency of flushing the system. There are too many factors influencing this.

For example, in centralized heating systems, the coolant must undergo a water treatment cycle, which reduces the degree of contamination. True, this rule is not always followed. And the system itself is often in its third or fourth decade of operation, and the amount of waste circulating inside increases every year.

But for both centralized networks and autonomous systems, it is recommended to flush annually. Which, by the way, is confirmed by the requirements of building codes. This period is considered critical for the accumulation of debris inside the circuit, which significantly reduces operating efficiency.

If the system is not flushed before the start of the heating season, the pipeline becomes clogged and appliances and heating equipment fail prematurely.

How to flush your heating system

Before you start washing, you should prepare the necessary materials and tools for work. Since special equipment for cleaning pipes is quite expensive, and their use requires certain knowledge, you can purchase cheaper material.

For self-washing you will need the following material and tools:

1. A container for draining liquid from pipes.
2. Rags, old rags.
3. Keys.
4. Gas-burner.
5. Kerosene lamp.
6. Hose to match the diameter of the hole in the pipes.
7. Iron brush.

After all the material has been prepared, you can begin to wash the battery.

Rent of washing cleaning equipment

Equipment types

Timely cleaning of the system allows you to get rid of problems such as rust, scale and sediment. There are several types of heating system flushing equipment used for varying degrees of system blockage.

Hydroflushing

This method involves supplying compressed air and water to the heating system. High pressure and frequent pulses allow small air bubbles, which actively fill a separate section of the system, to quickly and effectively separate deposits on the walls.

To achieve maximum effect, cleaning takes place in separate, relatively small areas (for example, one riser). Before starting the cleaning process, you should determine the amount and speed of water required for cleaning, as well as the amount and level of air pressure. When making calculations, it is necessary to take into account both the length of the section of the system selected for flushing and the diameter of the pipes used in this section.

Hydroflushing of heating systems can be carried out in two ways - flow and filling. The flow-through method involves completely filling the heating system with water. In this case, the air collector valve must be open. After the system is filled as much as possible, the valve closes and the compressor begins supplying compressed air to the system. Hydropneumatic flushing of heating systems ends when exclusively clean water without impurities begins to flow from the open pipe. For further operation, the system must be cleared of the water-air mixture.

First of all, the area of ​​the system selected for cleaning should be filled with water. Next, the air collector valve closes. After this, the supply of compressed air begins through the second valve. You should first check the level of contamination - the duration of the air supply depends on it, as well as on the length of the area being cleaned. After stopping the air supply, it is necessary to close the shut-off valves. Next, the mixture of water and sediment formed in the system should be drained into the drainage. After using this method, the system must be flushed several times with water.

Process description

During washing, dirt, deposits, limescale, scale, and rust are removed. To ensure successful cleaning, a number of calculations and preliminary steps are performed:

• Pipeline parameters: length, diameter.
• Air flow and pressure.
• Carrier speed and pressure.
• Measurements of individual groups of risers.
• Checking the presence of shut-off equipment.
• The need to add chemicals for older systems.
• Dismantling equipment that may be damaged by high pressure.

If the pipeline length is short, pipes are inserted at the inlet and outlet. The first is needed for reverse movement, the second is used to drain dirty water. If there are large lines, pumps are connected to the operation to increase the speed of the carrier and in case of insufficient compressor power. There are two methods of hydropneumatic flushing of the heating system:

1. Filling method.

The technology is considered quite complex, since the process involves filling with liquid, then compressed air is supplied every 15 minutes. A compressor is involved in the work. Using water hammer, deposits are removed from surfaces and dirt is lifted from the bottom of the radiators. The coolant with impurities is released through the drain valve of the system. Washing is carried out in several stages until the equipment is completely free of scale. The method is very effective, but difficult to implement, so it is better to entrust the processing to specialists.

Cleaning the heating system involves simultaneously pumping liquid and air through all areas. Before supplying water, it is necessary to close the collection valve; when the compressor is running, unscrew the drain pipe. Passing through all pipes and appliances, the mixture cleans them and then drains. The procedure is carried out continuously until clear liquid comes out. In difficult cases, when washing, chemical reagents are included in the cleaning mixture. An alkali or acid is added to the water, which can dissolve the deposits. Work can be carried out without the participation of a compressor; dirty water comes out when the pump is connected. The amount of funds depends on the length and diameter of the system elements. The method is considered fast and effective, but is not suitable for washing aluminum units, as there is a risk of destruction of the walls from chemicals.

We recommend: Industrial heating boilers: hot water and steam, the best manufacturers and models, technical characteristics and prices

Pressure testing is carried out after cleaning the heating pipes using the hydropneumatic method. The procedure is necessary to identify defects and lack of tightness as a result of washing. The system is filled with water at a slow pace, while the operating pressure should be from 2 to 8 atmospheres, depending on the number of storeys of the house. The parameter is saved for half an hour and checked by connecting a pressure gauge to the inlet pipe. If the meter shows the minimum value, there is a leak that is found and repaired. To do this, drain the water, make repairs, then refill the system until the pressure gauge readings improve.

Cleaning heating pipes using hydropneumatic flushing is a requirement in preparation for the season. Unfortunately, the frequency of the procedure is not always observed, which often leads to equipment failure and an accident on the highway. After choosing a method of implementation, it is necessary to agree with specialists about crimp testing. This will help identify possible defects and places of depressurization.

Devices used

Pipeline cleaning can be done in different ways, and a specific unit is selected for each of them. The price of some devices can be quite high, since their efficiency is at the proper level. Some work can be done with your own hands using inexpensive tools.

Hydrodynamic installations

The main equipment is water jetting machines that supply liquid under high pressure. With their help, it is possible to eliminate deposits in pipelines with a diameter of 20 mm and above. The high efficiency of the method is achieved through the use of special nozzles.

Compact size water jet.

Hydrodynamic technology for removing scale and other contaminants is considered the most gentle, since when carrying out work inside the communication system, excessive pressure is not created. This operation is completely safe for installed elements.

Its features are discussed below:

• The advancement of the nozzle is ensured by jet thrust, which is created under the action of high-pressure water flows coming out of the holes in a special nozzle.
• This installation for flushing heating systems works most effectively when using high-performance nozzles. Their choice should be made depending on the nature of the blockage.
• For the most difficult jams, chain carousels and rotary tips are used. The resulting traffic jams in the communication network are successfully removed using punching nozzles.

This is what the pressure cleaning nozzle looks like.

Pneumohydraulic units

The main device is a compressor for flushing the heating system or a pump, which allows the accumulation of compressed air and a sudden release at a certain point in time. In this situation, purification is performed by creating a kinetic impulse in a liquid medium. The swirling water removes deposits from the surface of the pipeline.

The pneumohydraulic design has a special container designed for compressed air, which is usually pumped by a compressor. However, a special pump can also be used to flush the heating system. It is a cylinder equipped with a piston.

One side of the device is in contact with air, and the other with water.

A unit for pneumohydraulic flushing is demonstrated.

1. At the very beginning, the device is connected to the heating elements through a switch and adapter hoses.
2. After this, water is poured into the system, which enters directly into the cylinder of the main device, moving the piston to its original position.
3. Next, the cylinder is charged until the required pressure is created.
4. At the main stage, a shock wave is created using a piston, which makes it possible to clean the pipes.

Mechanical impact devices

In this case, flexible shafts with a drive are used, on one side of which metal brushes are placed. The tool that rotates the rod is usually a drill.

The following are instructions describing the procedure for carrying out the work.

The flexible shaft is presented in assembled form.

1. At the initial stage, the system is prepared for cleaning activities. The coolant is completely drained, the pipe fittings are unscrewed in the right places.
2. A structure is being assembled that will mechanically remove scale and other contaminants from pipelines. A metal brush of suitable size is attached to one end, and a drill to the other.
3. Gradually, the flexible shaft is introduced into the interior of the conductive elements of the system. When the device rotates around its axis, scale will fall off the pipe walls.

Electrohydraulic devices

The operating principle of such installations is based on the fact that a coaxial cable is inserted into the liquid medium, which is connected to a high-voltage pulse device. The device creates repeated electrical discharges with a frequency of 1 to 10 Hz. Thanks to this, accumulated deposits are destroyed.

Example of an electrical installation.

Many models of cleaning equipment of this type are capable of cleaning pipelines whose diameter ranges from 10-100 mm. Additional devices may be supplied with the equipment.

Do-it-yourself heating flushing mechanically

For self-flushing radiators, mechanical cleaning technology is most applicable. In this case, you will not have to use any special equipment or specific chemicals.

Before you wash the heat exchanger of a gas boiler with your own hands, you should prepare the necessary materials:

• rags or old thick clothes. With their help, it will be possible to protect the bathtub from damage during the process of flushing the radiators in it;
• fum tape or plumbing linen with a tube of sealing paste;
• a pipe that allows you to connect a hose to threaded connections.

The equipment you will need is the following:

• two hoses;
• a set of keys;
• brush;
• steel wire brush;
• buckets, basin and rags.

The actual cleaning of the heat exchanger and lines consists of several stages.

• A hose of the appropriate diameter is connected to the drain pipe of the heating system. The other end of the hose is discharged into the sewer.
• A second hose is connected to the highest point of the system. As a rule, such a point is either a branch to the expansion tank or a safety group. The tank or safety group is unscrewed and a pipe is screwed into its place, onto which a hose is put. The second end of the hose is connected to the water supply.
• When everything is ready, water is supplied to the system. This makes it possible to get rid of scale and contaminants deposited in the system lines.
• Start draining the coolant. To do this, remove the hose through which tap water was supplied. The connection point to the system is not blocked. Under the influence of gravity, water begins to drain through the drain pipe at the lowest point of the line.

To completely drain the coolant, it is necessary to ensure that the outlet end of the hose is below the level of the heating system lines. In a private house, it will be possible to achieve such a configuration if you drain the water into buckets installed in the underground.

• Radiators are removed from the dehydrated system. Care must be taken when doing this. It is likely that the threaded connections on them are coked and you will have to make some efforts, trying not to damage the threads.
• The removed radiators are transferred to a bathtub, previously covered with rags or thick fabric. Here they are washed with running water, treated with a brush and a steel wire brush. After flushing the radiator, it is carefully inspected again for any remaining contaminants.
• The radiators are installed in place.

• The lines are filled with fresh water through the drain pipe. At the same time, monitor the formation of air pockets in the pipes and radiators. You can get rid of air bubbles by slightly opening the Mayevsky valves on the radiators. As soon as the air stops hissing and water begins to ooze from the tap, close it. As the lines fill, it is advisable to repeat this procedure several times.
• After the actual washing of the gas boiler heat exchanger is completed with your own hands, the heating system is put into operation.
• As the coolant begins to circulate, air pockets in the radiators may re-form. To eliminate them, the Mayevsky cranes are manipulated again. Some of the air will be removed independently through the air vent.
• As the pipelines and radiators are freed from air, the coolant pressure will drop. To level it, it is necessary to additionally pump water from the water supply. In addition, you should check the pressure in the expansion tank.

Hydroflushing

The process itself is based on simultaneously supplying water and air under pressure to sections of the pipeline. The resulting mixture cleans the heating system due to the many pulses that the compressor produces to flush the heating system.

Small bubbles form, which gradually destroy various deposits on the walls of pipelines.

Pipes before and after cleaning

Methods

Flow-through. The return and supply pipelines are first filled with water, with the valve on the air collector open. After filling the pipelines, the valve is closed and compressed air is supplied. The air and water mixture is supplied to the pipelines simultaneously (see also the article on hydropneumatic flushing of the heating system). Flushing ends when clean water begins to flow through the nozzle. The water is then drained into the drain. This method is used for flushing hot water supply and heating systems;

Fillings. This method has some consistency in actions. First, the pipelines are filled with water and the valve is closed. Compressed air is supplied to the second pipe for twenty to twenty-five minutes (depending on contamination and pipe diameters). After the air supply is stopped, the shut-off valves are closed and the water is drained through the drain pipe. At the end, the system is washed a couple of times with clean water.

Typical scheme for carrying out work

Stages of crimping

The work is carried out at the following frequency:

• when starting a new system;
• annually after the heating season;
• after flushing or repairing the heating main with replacement of pipes.

For apartment buildings, preparation is as follows:

1. Inspection of shut-off valves in elevators, central pipes, risers. On cast iron valves, the seals are changed, the paronite gaskets between the connection flanges are renewed, and unusable bolted connections are replaced.
2. Using visual observation, pipes and fittings are examined for the presence of cracks, chips, corrosion, and defects. Make repairs if necessary.
3. Check the thermal insulation of risers and main pipes in basements.

Pressure testing after pressure cleaning is necessary to identify possible leaks

Crimping procedures and testing are carried out taking into account the parameters of heaters and heating equipment indoors. Regulations allow the use of operating pressures of up to 6 bar for cast iron heating radiators. When they are in the walls, the maximum is 10 bar.

Hydraulic tests are carried out as follows: the system is checked as a whole, then a pressure higher than the working one is applied to the thermal unit.

According to Rules 115 clause 9.2.13., tests are carried out at a pressure not lower than:

• 1 MPa - elevators, heaters for heating and hot water systems;
• 0.6 MPa - cast iron and steel heating radiators;
• 1 MPa - convector, panel heaters;
• working pressure plus 0.5-1 MPa for hot water supply;
• pressure recorded in the manufacturer's instructions for air heaters.

The test pressure in steam systems is selected by the manufacturer from maximum to operating minimum:

• minimum - not lower than 0.2 MPa, but not less than 1.25 working;
• the maximum is established by strength calculations according to standards;

Crimping occurs at temperatures from + 5 degrees. If negative - in emergency cases.

If there is no visible leak, but the pressure drops, the pressure gauge shows problems in hidden places

Crimping stages:

1. Filling the system with cold water. During work, the temperature of the liquid is no more than 45 degrees. The pressure increases gradually. Control is carried out using a pressure gauge.
2. Once the set pressure is reached, the system remains at rest for about 30 minutes.
3. During downtime, an inspection is carried out for leaks in pipes and batteries. Make sure there are no leaks. A method of control is to place toilet paper in dangerous places or wrap pipes with it. When there are leaks, spots of water and silt are visible.
4. Control occurs according to the readings of the pressure gauge. The leak occurs in a place inaccessible to observation. A drop in pressure will warn of this.

Upon completion of pressure testing, a certificate of fitness for use is issued.

Heat exchanger flushing frequency

If the system does not have a filter, the heat exchanger needs to be cleaned once every 2 years.
The frequency of cleaning heat exchangers is specified in the operating instructions that come with the product. Most manufacturers recommend doing this every 2 years. However, if water saturated with lime is used, a thick layer of plaque can boil in just one heating season, even if the boiler has a stainless steel circuit. When a filtration system is installed in the harness, the procedure can be carried out at intervals of 4-5 years. Water needs to be changed annually, as it changes its structure and acquires properties that are aggressive towards metal.

It is best to calculate the required frequency of cleaning the heat exchanger experimentally. After the end of the heating season, you need to disassemble the boiler, remove the circuit and assess its condition. The plaque will tell you how long it will take for its thickness to reach a critical state.

Tips/Tricks

To increase the cleaning effect, bleach is added to the input. This allows you to disinfect not only water, but also the inner surface of the pipes.

During self-washing, the technician needs to keep in mind that radiators and pipelines are washed separately from the boiler. If communications have a complex, branched structure, cleaning is carried out separately for each circuit.

For preventive purposes, the water is softened, but if this is not possible, the heating system is regularly flushed. Without maintenance, the system quickly deteriorates, and then the owners will have to replace all communications.

How to choose the optimal flushing pump?

Modern washing equipment is represented by units with a variety of functionality. The main manufacturers that have earned the approval of the international market are German factories (Rems, Rothenberger), Italian concerns (Manta Ecologica) and American (RIDGID). But, despite the high quality of each device, it is short-sighted to buy a flushing pump without assessing its operational capabilities. When choosing the optimal model, experts advise studying the specification of the unit.

1. For the private sector, preventing and eliminating deposits in the system is a big problem. Utility workers stand guard over the apartment building. In a cottage, the costs fall on the homeowner. The Ridgid DP-24 or DP-13 descaling flushing pump will help the owner deal with the annual problem on his own.
2. Inexpensive pumps from Rothenberger compete with compact “Americans”. The popular Rocal and Romatic washing devices do an excellent job of removing scale in installations with a capacity of 300 liters. At the same time, the technical characteristics of Rothenberger and Ridgid units allow the equipment to be used for commercial purposes.
3. In the Pump Eliminate model line, professionals will find devices for removing scale from heat exchangers. Any flushing pump from Manta Ecologica is distinguished by high productivity and good throughput. A wide price range and variety of functionality mean you can purchase a unit that meets different tasks.
4. Ropuls compressors from Rothenberger are devices on a different scale. They allow you to buy a flushing pump in conjunction with many additional options. In addition to their direct specialty, the units sanitize water pipes, are suitable for testing pressure in the system, and even for connecting pneumatic tools.
5. A separate category is pressure testing devices with hydropneumatic pumps. REMS units open up wide scope for the work of specialized enterprises.

Is this crimping necessary?

Let's start with the basic concepts. What is a home heating system? Unless you have electrical panels, then most likely this is a line of pipes with coolant circulating through them. In order for it to move within the system, by default the coolant must be in a liquid state. And liquid, as you know, always strives to find a way out of a confined space. If circulation is disrupted for some reason, the entire system stops working.

PHOTO: pp.userapi.com High-quality heating is the result of constant monitoring of the integrity of the entire system

PHOTO: kliningovyj-raj.ruAnd if the tightness of the main line is broken, then, in addition to the lack of heat, you may also be faced with the need for emergency repairs to your apartment and even your neighbors’

There is only one simple way to check for possible disturbances in the operation of the main line - increase the pressure in the system so that connection defects are detected, which should be paid attention to before starting the heating. Thus, pressure testing is an actual pressure test of the heating main before the operating season

To check the system for leaks, the pressure should be increased by 20-80%. The percentage of pressure increase depends on the equipment installed in the line. After all faults are detected during pressure testing, the necessary repairs are made and the tightness of the system is restored.

PHOTO: zamena-radiatora.ru All this takes time, so do not postpone the procedure until the last days before the start of the heating season