Heating standards for residential premises in 2022

On July 10, the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation issued a resolution that changed the approach to calculating fees for heat supply in an apartment building: you can pay for heating according to meter readings regardless of whether there are individual meters in all rooms of the house. But, of course, there are nuances. Find out how the utility contractor can now charge fees for heat supply to apartment buildings.

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Legislative solution to the issue

With the onset of cold weather, the issue of warmth at home is especially acute. Owners of private houses are luckier - homeowners independently set the beginning and end of the heating season, humidity and temperature conditions. But residents of apartment buildings depend on the state, because the standards for heat supply in an apartment building, humidity and temperature conditions are set out in Appendix No. 2 to SanPiN 2.1.2.2645-10. These standards apply only to residential premises; non-residential rooms or industrial premises do not meet the established standards.

Connecting heat supply in an apartment building

Before organizing heat supply to non-residential premises, it is necessary to carry out a primary analysis of the characteristics of the building.

To complete this step correctly you need:

1. Select the thermal operating mode based on the purpose of the room.
2. Calculate heat supply using dimensional indicators as a basis.
3. Decide which coolant will be used.

Based on the information obtained as a result of the mentioned procedures, the method by which the room will be heated is selected.

Then everything is done like this:

1. Activities are carried out as a result of which it becomes possible to supply coolant to non-residential areas, that is, the necessary communications are supplied.
2. Do not forget that heating does not appear by itself. For everything to work, you need to conclude an agreement with heat suppliers for its supply.

Important. It is worth noting that any project of an administrative or industrial building should begin with an analysis of possible types of heating.

When assessing a room, special attention should be paid to its heat losses. If calculations show that they are too large, then you can resort to additional thermal insulation by installing it on the heated area. In this way, you can achieve a tangible effect.

Temperature and Humidity Requirements

In accordance with the requirements of SanPiN, the following values ​​for temperature and humidity are established:

Unified heating standards for apartment buildings

The established standards for heat supply to apartments are standardized. This means that the values ​​are defined in general as the average temperature throughout the hospital. But officials have provided additional rules and exceptions.

Firstly, exceptions apply to rooms with a corner location in the building layout. In the corner room, the temperature should be two degrees higher than the approved standard. The requirement is due to the fact that the angular location implies freezing of the walls.

The temperature requirements at night are more gentle: between 00:00 and 05:00 the temperature can drop to 4 degrees Celsius. This is due to the fact that at night human life processes slow down and the need for heat is somewhat reduced.

Using our table, check whether the heating standard in an apartment building is met in 2022 in your apartment:

Standards used when paying for housing and utilities

In 2022, the social standard for room area will be used to calculate and provide preferences for payment for utilities and heating. These rules apply to situations where legal acts stipulate that benefits are determined taking into account social standards .

The table shows the applied values:

The specified standard for the size of the premises, taken into account when calculating payments for housing and communal services, was developed by Decree of the Moscow Government No. 306 of 2006 “On approval of the Rules...”.

Water consumption standards in 2022 in the capital

To pay for utility services, the standards set out in the above-mentioned Resolution are applied. In a situation where the premises are equipped with metering devices, their readings are used to calculate payment.

Amounts spent on general house needs are distributed among the owners of all apartments. The size of a specific housing is taken into account in proportion to the total area of ​​the house. In a situation where the apartment is not equipped with metering devices, the calculation is made on the basis of standards. Similar rules apply to the calculation of the amount for common property, and it is subject to division between everyone equally.

These provisions are reflected in Government Decree No. 129 of 2015 “On Amendments...”.

Without a meter, payment is charged at an increased rate, which applies to a situation where a citizen is responsible for installing the device in question.

cold water standards are currently applied , presented as 6.935 m3 per person per month. For hot water, the specified norm is 4.745 m3 per citizen. If the volume of consumption is determined without metering devices, the calculated value is subject to increase by the amount of consumption for general household needs.

Important! Decree of the Moscow Government of 2014 No. 75-PP indicates that the total volume of water use in housing not equipped with metering devices cannot be more than the approved standards per person, multiplied by 2.

Heating standards for private households

There are no requirements for how the owner can heat his home. There is no special heating standard in a private home, and everyone regulates the heat according to their own desire and well-being.

But it is important to understand that if several families live in one household and the heating is common, then the same requirements will have to be observed. For such cases, central heating standards are mandatory.

Despite the lack of standards, no one has canceled the requirements for the design of a boiler room for a private house and fire safety. Before starting heating equipment in a private household, you will have to coordinate the boiler room with government agencies.

Heating season in Russia

The heating season is a period of the cold season during which residential buildings are provided with heat or thermal energy according to established heating standards. There is no specific duration established in Russia. Everything depends on weather conditions.

The standard heating season lasts in Russia from October to April. But each region has its own temperature and weather, so officials have established rules for determining the beginning and end of the heating season:

1. The beginning is established on the condition that the average daily street temperature is minus 8 degrees or below for five days in a row;
2. Completion is established provided that there is warm weather outside the window of 8 degrees and above for five days in a row.

Preparation for the heating season begins one and a half to two months before it starts. Preparatory activities include:

• checking the integrity of heating devices and structures;
• checking the performance of thermal equipment of boiler houses;
• checking meters and metering devices;
• commissioning works;
• checking for compliance with the standard water temperature in heating radiators in residential premises, etc.

Residents are notified in advance about preparations for the heating season by posting relevant notices on their entrance doors.

IMPORTANT!

Preparation is a mandatory stage before the start of the heating season, since the check allows you to prevent emergency situations, identify the reasons for exceeding heat consumption standards in the MDC, and provide residents with quality service.

In private households, the owner is responsible for commissioning work. But gas and utility companies conduct annual fitness inspections of equipment. If violations are detected, the owner will receive an order requiring them to eliminate the comments.

When does a social norm apply?

If the standard is established and applies to all public services, then the social standard was introduced in Russia only for electricity consumption and not in all regions. Government Decree No. 354 dated 05/06/2011 and Order No. 20-e/2 of the Federal Tariff Service of the Russian Federation dated 08/06/2004 establish the ability of constituent entities of the Russian Federation to set tariffs for electricity supplied to the population within the social norm and above this norm. This method of calculating the volume of electrical energy consumption should help consumers use the resource more rationally.

A social norm is the amount of resource established for one person and used to determine the tariff when calculating fees for utility services. The amount of electricity within the social norm is calculated at a lower tariff compared to kWh consumed in excess of the norm.

The application of social norms for electricity consumption became possible after the entry into force of Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated July 22, 2013 No. 614. The normative act regulated the procedure for establishing and applying social norms. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 614 established the obligation of utility contractors to keep separate records of the volumes of electrical energy supplied to consumers within and in excess of the social norm (clause 47 of Section III of the RF Government No. 614).

The norm for each region is determined by the authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, which are responsible for regulating tariffs (clause 3 of section II of the RF PP No. 614). If a decision has been made in the region to introduce a social norm for electricity consumption, then when setting tariffs for energy supply services, tariffs for the population and categories equivalent to it, two tariffs are introduced for each group:

• low – to calculate the fee per kWh within the social norm;
• high – to calculate fees for the amount of electricity consumed in excess of the norm.

In each region where a decision is made to apply social norms, their size depends on climatic conditions and the length of daylight hours. Regardless of the subject of the Russian Federation, established social norms are different for premises with different characteristics (Appendices 5.1, 5.2 to RF PP No. 614).

The social norm depends on:

• location of the premises in a city or rural area;
• the presence of a stationary electric stove;
• DHW and heat supply systems: are electric heaters or other installations used for this;
• condition of the house: accident rate, degree of wear and tear;
• heating season.

Moreover, the more people are registered in a residential premises, the higher the social norm for electricity consumption in such premises will be. For example:

The limits of the social norm are used in determining the payment for electricity both in the presence of readings from individual metering devices and in calculation methods: according to the average and according to the standard (clause 32 of the RF PP No. 354, clause 33 of section III of the RF PP No. 614). It is also used when calculating payments for resources consumed for the maintenance of common property of apartment buildings (clause 32, section III of RF PP No. 614).

If, due to lack of technical capabilities, an electric power supply unit is not installed in the premises, the payment for the entire volume of the resource, determined based on the standard, will be calculated at a tariff within the social norm (low).

In the absence of IPU (loss, failure), the volume is calculated in accordance with clauses 59, 60 of the RF PP No. 354 using the established social norm for two calculation periods. Then the social norm is applied with a coefficient that reduces it, of which the CG provider must notify the consumer.

If within two months the consumer has not established an IPU, then in the first six months a coefficient of 0.9 is applied to the value of the social norm. Then, every 6 months, the coefficient for reducing the social norm is reduced by 0.1 to the limit value of 0.7 (clause 33 of section III of the RF PP No. 614).

To date, a social norm for calculating payments for electrical energy consumed by the population has been introduced only in a few constituent entities of the Russian Federation. For example, in the Rostov, Oryol, Vladimir regions, in the Trans-Baikal Territory.

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How is heat payment calculated?

Any public service is provided in our country on a paid basis. Owners of private houses usually receive receipts for gas - the supplier calculates the volume of gas consumed and issues an invoice.

In urban and suburban apartment buildings (MKD), payment is calculated differently, and we are talking about centralized heating. The rules for calculating the standard for heating an apartment building are enshrined in Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated May 23, 2006 No. 306 (as amended on September 29, 2017). According to formula 18, the calculation of what the standard Gcal per m² is based on the total heat consumption, the duration of the heating season and the heated area.

In some multi-family houses, individual gas equipment is installed, and payment for heat is made by analogy with private houses - based on the volume of gas consumed.

Heating price standards per square meter are determined individually, depending on the utility service provider’s prices per Gcal. The calculation of the monthly payment is determined depending on the area of ​​the heated room (apartment) and the price factor.

Consumption standards

1.2. Utility consumption standards

The Housing Code of the Russian Federation vests the constituent entities of the Russian Federation with the authority to establish standards for the consumption of utility services for citizens; in the Samara Region, the regulatory body is the Ministry of Energy and Housing and Communal Services.
Currently, the following utility consumption standards apply in the Samara urban district:

1.2.1.Standards for the consumption of thermal energy and hot water supply for citizens of the Samara urban district

Until July 1, 2019, standards for the consumption of thermal energy and hot water supply were in effect in the amount established by Appendix N4 to the resolution of the Head of the Samara City District dated December 18, 2007 N1153 “On payment by citizens of residential premises and utilities in the Samara City District” (Heating standards based on payment by citizens for consumed thermal energy in equal shares during the calendar year (12 months).

<*> Used to calculate payments for hot water supply and heating in residential premises not equipped with metering devices. <**> Used to calculate payments for hot water supply in residential premises equipped with metering devices.

On July 1, 2022, new standards for the consumption of utility services for heating came into force, as well as standards for the consumption of utility services for heating when using outbuildings located on a land plot, established by order of the Ministry of Energy of Housing and Communal Services of the Samara Region dated June 20, 2016 No. 131 .

CONSUMPTION STANDARDS FOR HEATING PUBLIC SERVICES

<*> Information on the value of utility consumption standards for heating services for 12 months is provided for reference. Standards for the consumption of heating utilities for 12 months are determined using the frequency coefficient for consumers to pay for heating utilities equal to 7/12.

Note. The Ministry of Socio-Demographic and Family Policy of the Samara Region, in order to provide citizens with compensation for utility heating services for the purpose of social protection of the population paying for heating services (according to the readings of a common house meter during the heating period), apply the consumption standards for utility heating services established by 7 months.

STANDARDS FOR CONSUMPTION OF PUBLIC SERVICES FOR HEATING WHEN USING OUTBOARDS LOCATED ON A LAND

<*> Information on the value of utility consumption standards for heating services for 12 months is provided for reference. Standards for the consumption of heating utilities for 12 months are determined using the frequency coefficient for consumers to pay for heating utilities equal to 7/12.

On July 1, 2022, standards for the consumption of thermal energy used to heat cold water to provide public hot water supply services in residential premises, established by order of the Ministry of Energy and Housing and Communal Services of the Samara Region dated May 16, 2017 No. 119, came into force.

STANDARDS FOR THE CONSUMPTION OF THERMAL ENERGY USED FOR HEATING COLD WATER FOR THE PROVISION OF PUBLIC SERVICES FOR HOT WATER SUPPLY IN RESIDENTIAL PREMISES (GCAL PER 1 CUBIC M) <1>, <2>

Note: <1> The average cold water temperature in the water supply network is assumed to be 9.05 °C. <2> When calculating the consumption of thermal energy used to heat cold water to provide public services for hot water supply in residential premises, a calculation method was used. <3> Including in the case of the production of public services for hot water supply using in-house engineering systems, including equipment that is part of the common property of the owners of premises in an apartment building.

1.2.2. Consumption standards for cold water supply and sanitation for citizens of the Samara urban district living in residential premises not equipped with metering devices

Until July 1, 2019, the consumption standards for cold water supply and sanitation were in effect in the amount established by Appendix N5 to the resolution of the Head of the Samara Urban District dated December 18, 2007 N1153 “On payment by citizens of residential premises and utilities in the Samara Urban District”:

On July 1, 2022, new standards for the consumption of utilities for cold water supply, hot water supply and sanitation in residential premises, approved by order of the Ministry of Energy and Housing and Communal Services of the Samara Region dated November 26, 2015 No. 447, came into force.

STANDARDS FOR CONSUMPTION OF PUBLIC SERVICES FOR COLD WATER SUPPLY, HOT WATER SUPPLY AND WATER RESIDENCE IN RESIDENTIAL PREMISES

Notes: 1. The consumption standard for utility services for wastewater disposal is equal to the sum of the standard for cold water supply and the standard for hot water supply. 2. Standards for the consumption of utility services in categories 16 and 16(1) are also applied to apartment buildings transferred from the category of dormitories, in which the design level of improvement and provision of water taps has been preserved.

1.2.3. Standards for the consumption of utilities for cold water supply when using land and outbuildings will come into effect from 01/01/2017.

Note:

In calculating the standards, the period of use of cold water for water supply is accepted:

— watering the land plot — from May 1 to August 31; — baths (saunas) — all year round; — open (indoor) summer pools of various types and designs — from June 1 to August 31; - an indoor swimming pool located in a residential building (part of a residential building), and adjoining and (or) separate outbuildings on a common plot of land with the residential building (part of a residential building) - all year round; — watering of greenhouses, greenhouses (winter gardens) for year-round use with an area of ​​more than 10 square meters. meters - all year round; — watering greenhouses, greenhouses used in the warm season, with an area of ​​more than 10 square meters. meters - from May 1 to August 31.

1.2.4. Standards for the consumption of cold (hot) water and wastewater disposal for the purpose of maintaining common property in an apartment building

In accordance with the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated May 6, 2011 No. 354 “On the provision of utility services to owners and users of residential premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings”, Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated May 23, 2003 No. 306 “On approval of the Rules for the establishment and determination standards for the consumption of utility services and standards for the consumption of utility resources for the purpose of maintaining common property in an apartment building", by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated December 26, 2016 No. 1498 "On issues of providing utility services and maintaining common property in an apartment building" by Order of the Ministry of Energy and Housing and Communal Services of the Samara Region dated 05/16/2017 No. 121 approved standards for the consumption of cold (hot) water and wastewater disposal for the purpose of maintaining common property in an apartment building.

The standard for wastewater disposal for the purpose of maintaining common property in an apartment building is equal to the sum of the standard for cold water consumption and the standard for hot water consumption.

Standards for the consumption of cold (hot) water for the maintenance of common property in an apartment building

Note:

1. Type A - hot water supply system with insulated risers; type B - hot water supply system with non-insulated risers.

2. Standards for the consumption of cold (hot) water in category 2 are applied in cases of production of public services for hot water supply using in-house engineering systems, including equipment that is part of the common property of the owners of premises in an apartment building (if such equipment is available).

3. Standards for the consumption of cold (hot) water in category 6 are also applied to apartment buildings transferred from the category of dormitories, in which the design level of improvement and equipment with water dispensing devices has been preserved.

1.2.4. Standards for gas consumption by the population in the absence of gas meters

Standards for network gas consumption by the population of the city. Samara established on September 1, 2012 by Order of the Ministry of Energy and Housing and Communal Services of the Samara Region dated August 16, 2012 N195 “On approval of norms and standards for natural gas consumption by the population in the absence of gas meters”

1.2.5. Electricity utility consumption standards

In accordance with the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 05/06/2011 N 354 “On the provision of utility services to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings”, Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 05/23/2006 N 306 “On approval of the Rules for establishing and determining standards for the consumption of utility services" Order of the Ministry of Energy and Housing and Communal Services of the Samara Region dated June 30, 2016 No. 139 established:— standards for the consumption of utility services for electricity supply in residential premises of apartment buildings and residential buildings, including apartment-type dormitories, by the population of Samara region;— standards for the consumption of utility services for electricity supply by the population of the Samara region in residential premises in apartment buildings, including apartment-type dormitories, corridor-type dormitories, hotel and sectional types;— standards for the consumption of utility resources for electricity supply for the purpose of maintaining common property in an apartment building;— standards consumption of utility services for electricity supply when using outbuildings located on a plot of land in the Samara region.

This order came into force on October 1, 2016.

STANDARDS FOR CONSUMPTION OF PUBLIC SERVICES FOR ELECTRICITY SUPPLY IN RESIDENTIAL PREMISES OF APARTMENT BUILDINGS AND RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS, INCLUDING APARTMENT-TYPE HOSTELS BY THE POPULATION OF THE SAMARA REGION

STANDARDS FOR CONSUMPTION OF PUBLIC SERVICES FOR ELECTRICITY SUPPLY IN RESIDENTIAL PREMISES IN MULTIPLE APARTMENT BUILDINGS, INCLUDING APARTMENT-TYPE HOSTELS, CORRIDOR, HOTEL AND SECTIONAL TYPE HOSTELS

STANDARDS FOR CONSUMPTION OF COMMON RESOURCES FOR ELECTRICITY SUPPLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF MAINTENANCE OF COMMON PROPERTY IN AN APARTMENT BUILDING

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STANDARDS FOR CONSUMPTION OF PUBLIC SERVICES FOR ELECTRIC SUPPLY WHEN USING OUTBOARDS LOCATED ON A LAND IN THE TERRITORY OF THE SAMARA REGION

1.2.6 Municipal solid waste (MSW) accumulation standard

Order of the Ministry of Energy and Housing and Communal Services of the Samara Region dated December 29, 2018 No. 1023 “On the approval and application of standards for the accumulation of solid municipal waste in the territory of urban districts of the Samara Region per 1 sq.m. total living area" for the Samara urban district, a standard for the accumulation of solid municipal waste on the territory of the Samara urban district per 1 sq.m. the total living area of ​​apartment and individual buildings in the amount of 0.091 cubic meters/sq.m per year.

It’s cold in the apartment, how to deal with it

Non-compliance with heating standards must be reported to the supplier immediately. It is enough to send a written application to the company's dispatch service or contact us by phone. The dispatcher of the receiving party is obliged to record the application and send a team for inspection. In general, the deadline for an on-site inspection is no later than 2 hours from the receipt of a complaint from dissatisfied residents. The time can be additionally agreed upon with the applicant in case the owners are in the apartment and can open the door for measurements.

A sample of such a statement

The visiting team must take appropriate measurements according to the established regulations. Then a report on the results of the control is drawn up. The effective act indicates:

• date and time of inspection;
• venue (apartment address);
• composition of those present;
• measurement methods;
• tools and devices used for measurements;
• results (temperature around the perimeter of the apartment, humidity, and so on).

The act is drawn up in two copies, one for the team and the applicant. If you were not given a copy of the act, take a photo of the document with your phone or camera.

Based on the results of the inspection, work is carried out to identify and eliminate problems with the heating system. If the utility service provider has not taken any action, then contact the regulatory authorities - Rospotrebnadzor or the prosecutor's office. The inspection report of the visiting team will be proof of violations.

Rules for recalculating heating fees in case of non-compliance with standards

If heating standards are not met, then residents have the right to demand compensation in the form of recalculation of utility bills. But before counting the money, let us recall that heat suppliers have the right to legal interruptions in the supply of thermal energy within the following values:

• no more than 24 hours within 1 month (calculated in total);
• no more than 16 hours at a time, provided that the air temperature in living rooms is from +12 °C and above, up to the standard temperature indicated in the tables above;
• no more than 8 hours at a time, provided that the air temperature in living rooms is from +10 °C to +12 °C;
• no more than 4 hours at a time, provided that the temperature in the living room varies from +8 to +10 °C.

If time limits are exceeded, then residents have the right to demand a reduction in heating payments according to the standard by 0.15% for each hour. To receive a recalculation, non-compliance with standards must be documented. That is, an act of examining the temperature in a living room is mandatory. The amount of compensation is calculated from the moment this act is signed.

About the author of the article

Natalya Evdokimova Accountant-expert, practical experience - more than 15 years.

Author of articles in online media on accounting, taxes, and personnel issues.

Why did the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation change the approach to payments for thermal energy?

The Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation became the last resort for the stubborn owner. He confirmed the right of consumers to save heat. The resolution of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation dated July 10, 2018 No. 30-P/2018 contains an unambiguous position: the current approach to payments for heating does not comply with the Constitution of the Russian Federation and violates the principles of equality and justice.

The state is obliged to promote the most efficient consumption of energy resources, including through their accounting in the housing and communal services sector (Part 1 of Article 9 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation). According to paragraph 2 of the definition of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation dated October 10, 2017 No. 2256-O, the constitutional and legal requirements that regulate the process of consumption of communal resources by residents of apartment buildings should not contradict each other.

The Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation indicated that apartment buildings put into operation on January 1, 2012 must be equipped with meters for utility resources (including heat supply), and old houses must be equipped with them after major repairs or reconstruction, if technically possible. At the same time, owners are obliged to ensure the safety and timely replacement of installed meters (Part 7, Article 13 No. 261-FZ).

Accounting for resources consumed by residents of apartment complexes using the IPU is one of the main mechanisms that encourages consumers to rationally use communal resources. Therefore, calculating fees based on meter readings should have priority over calculation methods. Without using the readings of individual metering devices, as stated by the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, the effective use of thermal energy and its rational expenditure in the premises of apartment buildings is impossible.

The resolution notes that calculating heating fees without taking into account IPU readings due to the lack of meters for other consumers in apartment buildings infringes on the rights of owners who keep records of heat energy consumption. It turns out that the law allows unscrupulous residents of the house to irrationally spend a utility resource, because part of the payment for it will be attributed to other consumers in the apartment building.

Based on these conclusions, the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation ordered the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Russian Federation to amend the legislation, eliminating its contradiction to the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Until this moment, the payment for heating premises in apartment buildings should be calculated in accordance with paragraph. 4 clause 42 (1) RF PP No. 354.

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