Double-circuit gas boilers
They provide not only heating, but also hot water supply. They also come in flow-through and storage types. In a flow-through boiler, water heats up quickly as it passes through the heating system. And in a storage boiler, the water is heated to higher temperatures, but for quite a long time.
Three-circuit gas boilers
Suitable not only for heating and hot water supply, but also for setting up a floor heating system.
Electric boiler
Despite the fact that there is a huge selection of electric boilers, its composition remains the same.
It includes the following components:
- Tank;
- Valve;
- Pump;
- Heat exchanger;
- Control block;
- Thermostat
According to the type of heating, electric boilers are:
- Tubular heaters. Despite the fact that heaters can interact with many types of coolants, scale may appear in the heating system. Due to scale, the heater may fail. But, fortunately, the heat exchanger is quite easy to fix.
- Electrode boilers. These boilers are ideal for small spaces. Therefore, if you have a small house, then electrode boilers are the best option for heating such rooms. These boilers are characterized by fast heating with automatic adjustment of the desired temperature.
- Induction boilers. These are the most expensive units of all types of electric boilers.
There are a number of reasons for this:
- No scale;
- High efficiency (almost 100%);
- Fast heating;
- Any coolant will do
The downside is its cost (from 25 thousand rubles).
Installing a damper in a chimney
Brick chimney with a damper
The chimney can be easily built from a pipe or laid out of brick. In the first case, it is necessary to prudently leave a hole for connecting the pipe; in the second case, the specialist continues the laying along with the construction of the boiler.
After the masonry has dried, the heat exchanger pipes are connected to the pipelines by welding. After installation, it is necessary to test the firebox and determine the functionality of the resulting device.
But it is necessary to perform such a test under the condition of sufficient ventilation of the room; if deficiencies appear, the person testing will maintain his health.
Solid fuel boiler
If you want to purchase a unit that runs on cheap and environmentally friendly fuel, then a solid fuel boiler is an excellent solution to the problem.
Solid fuel boilers are divided into:
- Pyrolysis. These boilers are capable of generating heat for 12 hours. Their efficiency is approximately 90-95%. The pyrolysis boiler consists of two combustion chambers. The first uses fuel, and the second uses gas generated during the use of fuel.
- Long burning. Well, this boiler can generate heat for up to 36 hours. And all because the fuel used does not burn, but smolders.
- Cast iron. Since cast iron boilers operate on solid fuel, they need to be equipped with a separate space, for example a basement.
This is necessary for two reasons:
- Cast iron boilers emit combustion waste into the air;
- Sufficient storage space for fuel is required.
Such boilers give off heat well, but to maintain operation they need to be topped up with fuel every 4 hours.
Asian manufacturers
After European brands, it is worth paying attention to Asian brands. Modern Korean and Japanese corporations are known for their advanced technologies, and this also extends to heating equipment.
South Korea "Navien"
A large company from South Korea that specializes in developments in the field of climate control technology. More than fifty export countries confirm the quality of the equipment produced by the brand. The company, founded in 1967, is the winner of many awards in the field of technical development, and has achieved enormous success in the market over fifty years.
Advantages:
- A modern technological system of protection against gas and water pressure drops, as well as power surges.
- High efficiency.
- Convenient display on which you can monitor the operation of the device.
- Quiet operation.
- Smoke removal system.
- Possibility of control via smartphone.
- Various design options.
- Affordable price.
See also -
How to start a gas boiler for the first time
Flaws:
- The device control panel is short-lived and often requires replacement.
- In some models, heat exchangers may rust.
Once installed, these boilers operate reliably without unnecessary noise or problems, are reliable, productive and highly functional.
Japan "Rinnai"
Rinnai is a popular Japanese brand founded in 1920. Over almost a century of work, the corporation has acquired vast experience in the production of heating equipment. Over many years of operation, the company has earned many quality certificates and awards. Rinnai offers double-circuit boilers in various modifications.
Advantages:
- A standard set of options for protection and unit performance.
- Uninterrupted supply of hot water.
- Possibility to use liquefied gas.
- Environmentally friendly models that save fuel.
- Copper heat exchanger.
- Convenient settings for the desired temperature.
- Compact and ergonomic design, silent operation.
Flaws:
- There is no network stabilizer: devices are not protected from voltage surges.
- There is no tank to feed the network in extreme situations.
Japanese-made boilers are well thought out, rarely need repairs, save fuel and space in the house, and are completely silent during operation.
Pellet
These units can only run on pellets (pressed or granulated wood). Such a boiler is easy to use, since the fuel immediately enters the combustion chamber.
Safety, environmental friendliness and security are their main advantages!
Main elements of the unit
The central part of the heating boiler is the firebox, inside of which the temperature sometimes exceeds 1 thousand degrees. To assemble the equipment, you will need to select appropriate heat-resistant materials.
Firebox in a coal boiler
Manufacturing of the boiler body
If you don’t have heat-resistant steel at hand, then some craftsmen advise taking a regular sheet and making double walls out of it. Using a grinder, all the walls of the firebox are cut out, except for the top cover.
According to the drawing, all patterns of parts must be transferred to metal using a tape measure. Stiffening ribs are cut from the steel profile, and a steel angle is cut to reinforce the joints of the boiler parts.
In the cut sheet, but in the front part, a hole is cut for the stove doors. To avoid damage to the sheet, you need to make small holes in the corners with an electric drill and make perpendicular cuts with a grinder.
Creation of water tanks, heat exchanger
Two water tanks are welded from rectangular stainless steel sheets. A heat exchanger is welded from a set of pipes, with the obligatory condition of creating a maximum flow cycle. Due to the increased area, the effect of heat exchange between fuel and coolant is enhanced.
Heat exchanger
Liquid fuel boiler
Suitable for those who want to install gas heating, but for a number of reasons refused this activity. The thing is that this diesel-powered boiler can be configured for gas without any problems. You just need to fix the burner.
An oil-fuel boiler not only warms up the room perfectly, but, in addition, it has a number of other advantages:
- Boilers will last approximately 20-30 years without problems;
- Do not depend on any network (gas or electric);
- Equipped with automatic fuel supply to the firebox;
- You don't need any permission to install it.
But, despite the advantages, diesel boilers have two disadvantages:
- A separate room is required. Since the burner is very noisy, it is better to install the unit in the basement or some other separate place.
- High price. Indeed, prices for the purchase of such a unit start from 30 thousand rubles, and the fuel itself is also expensive.
What types of gas boilers are produced in the Russian Federation
Boiler equipment produced in the Russian Federation is classified according to several criteria. This is an installation method, a method of gas removal depending on electricity and the number of operating circuits.
According to the method of installation of the boiler unit, Russian gas boilers are divided into:
- Wall-mounted. They are distinguished by small overall dimensions and mass parameters, do not require much space for installation and maintenance. Mounted on a vertical surface of the room.
- Floor-standing. They have larger dimensions and weight than their wall-mounted counterparts. Installed on the floor of the room. A distinctive feature of floor structures is a wide range of power indicators. This allows the use of floor-standing boilers for heating large buildings.
Based on the method of releasing exhaust gases into the atmosphere, products are divided into two groups - with an open combustion chamber or a closed one. The first ones use the air inside the building during the combustion process.
With a closed combustion chamber, the boiler is equipped with a two-channel chimney. An air mass is supplied through one channel using a fan, and exhaust gases are removed through the other. Depending on the design, gas heating boilers with one or two circuits are distinguished. The former are used to maintain air temperature in the desired range.
The dual-circuit model allows not only to heat the air mass, but also to prepare hot water for consumption. To do this, connect a water heating tank of the required volume to the boiler unit. Products used to heat homes or industrial premises can be either dependent or independent of electricity. In the first case, to control the automation, you will need to connect the boiler to a power supply with the appropriate voltage rating.
The control unit of a non-volatile boiler does not require connection to the network. This type of model is well suited for use in places where power supply is intermittent. This will allow you to heat the room regardless of the presence of voltage in the network.
Combination boiler
But these boilers are interesting in that they are capable of operating from several fuel sources. This is very good because you will not have to worry if there are network failures. For example, if the gas is turned off, you can immediately switch the unit to electricity or vice versa.
Combination boiler options:
- Electricity/gas;
- Diesel fuel/gas;
- Solid fuel/gas;
- Solid fuel/electricity
The most common model of these units is the “electricity/gas” option. The peculiarity of this option is that one type of fuel is the main one, and the other is secondary (used as a safety net).
To summarize, we can say with confidence that today there are five types of heating boilers based on energy source. Therefore, the main thing when purchasing a unit is to decide for what purposes you need a boiler and analyze your financial situation.
The most popular models and prices
Prices for Russian-made gas boilers vary depending on the manufacturer.
ISHMA BSK from JSC Borinskoye. Double-circuit gas boiler 12.5 kW, designed for 120 m2 of area. Gives t water temperature – 950C. Price – approx. 17,000 rub. The heat exchanger is copper and does not depend on electricity.
Danko 10X from Agroresurs
Danko 10U from Agroresurs CJSC. Single-circuit boiler 10 kW, designed for 90 m2 of area. Gives water t - 900C. Price – approx. 14500 rub. Steel heat exchanger, does not depend on electricity.
"Don 50" is a universal floor-standing boiler with an efficiency of 85%. Power – 50 kW, designed for an area of up to 500 m2. Gas consumption per day is about 9 m3. Does not depend on electricity.
Secrets of technology
Design of a steel solid fuel boiler
You need to understand that a do-it-yourself solid fuel boiler is a stove installed in a container of water.
The purpose of the mechanism is to heat the water circulating through the heating radiators through fuel combustion. But the simplest boiler design will be ineffective, so it is necessary to work out the boiler drawing and ventilation diagram in advance.
The standard design involves the construction of a firebox with grates for the required air ventilation, a chimney, a damper system to regulate air draft and a tank that heats the water.
The standard design includes the following elements:
- A firebox equipped with grates maintains the required volume of air inside the boiler.
- Durable tank for storing hot water in the system.
- A chimney for removing carbon monoxide by creating draft.
